ATI RN
ATI Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which type of cell produces antibodies?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Plasma cells. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell that produces antibodies in response to antigens. They are essential in the immune response to help fight off infections and other diseases. Helper T cells (A) assist other immune cells but do not directly produce antibodies. Cytotoxic T cells (C) are responsible for killing infected cells, not producing antibodies. Regulatory T cells (D) help regulate the immune response but do not produce antibodies. In summary, only plasma cells are specifically designed to produce antibodies in the immune system.
Question 2 of 5
Which condition is associated with granulomas?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crohn's disease. Granulomas are a characteristic feature of Crohn's disease, forming in response to chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Granulomas consist of immune cells and are seen in the affected tissues of Crohn's patients. Choice B: Grave's disease is an autoimmune condition affecting the thyroid gland, not typically associated with granulomas. Choice C: Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction involving the immune system's response, but it does not lead to granuloma formation. Choice D: Eczema is a skin condition characterized by inflammation and itching, but it does not typically involve granulomas.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is a clinical feature of Grave's disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Exophthalmos and goiter. In Grave's disease, there is an overproduction of thyroid hormones leading to hyperthyroidism. Exophthalmos (bulging eyes) and goiter (enlarged thyroid gland) are classic clinical features due to autoimmune stimulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors. Pulmonary fibrosis (A) is not typically associated with Grave's disease. Skin vasculitis (C) and eczematous reaction (D) are also not commonly seen in Grave's disease.
Question 4 of 5
Which organ is most commonly affected in sarcoidosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lungs. Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the lungs in about 90% of cases. This is due to the formation of granulomas, inflammatory nodules, in the lung tissue. Kidney (A), Liver (C), and Thyroid (D) are less commonly affected organs in sarcoidosis. Kidney involvement occurs in about 20-30% of cases, liver involvement in about 10-30% of cases, and thyroid involvement is relatively rare. Therefore, based on the prevalence of organ involvement in sarcoidosis, the lungs are the most commonly affected organ.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is studying hypersensitivity reactions. Which reactions are correctly matched with their hypersensitivity types? (Select one that does not apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Type II hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by the action of immunoglobulin G (IgG) or immunoglobulin M (IgM), not just IgM alone. IgG or IgM antibodies target specific antigens on the surface of cells or tissues, leading to cell destruction. In contrast, Type I hypersensitivity reactions (choice A) involve immediate IgE-mediated responses to allergens like hay fever and anaphylaxis. Type III reactions (choice C) are characterized by immune complex deposition in tissues, not blood vessel walls. Type IV reactions (choice D) are delayed hypersensitivity reactions involving T cell-mediated responses, such as poison ivy contact dermatitis and transplant rejection.