ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drugs Pharmacology PPT Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which type of brain-imaging techniques will provide information about brain activity based on the use of glucose in the brain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: PET scans. PET scans use a radioactive form of glucose to detect brain activity based on glucose metabolism. Glucose is a primary energy source for brain cells, so increased glucose uptake indicates increased brain activity. CT scans (A) provide structural images, EEG (B) measures electrical activity, and MRI images (D) show detailed brain structure but do not directly measure brain activity based on glucose metabolism.
Question 2 of 5
What action is often recommended to help reduce tolerance to transdermal nitroglycerin therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because removing the patch at bedtime and applying a new one in the morning helps to provide a nitrate-free period which prevents the development of tolerance to nitroglycerin. By allowing a nitrate-free interval, the body is less likely to become desensitized to the effects of nitroglycerin, thus maintaining its effectiveness. A: Omitting a dose once a week does not provide a consistent nitrate-free period and may not be effective in reducing tolerance. B: Leaving the patch on for 2 days at a time may lead to continuous exposure and potential tolerance development. C: Cutting the patch in half is not a recommended method as it alters the dose delivery and may lead to inconsistent effects.
Question 3 of 5
When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for edema, the nurse will monitor for which possible adverse effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Elevated blood glucose. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can lead to hyperglycemia in diabetic patients by reducing the excretion of glucose in the urine. Monitoring blood glucose levels is essential to prevent complications. Metabolic alkalosis (A) is not typically associated with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Hyperkalemia (C) is not a common adverse effect of these medications. Mental alertness (D) is not directly affected by carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Monitoring blood glucose in diabetic patients is crucial due to the potential impact on glycemic control.
Question 4 of 5
During therapy with the hematopoietic drug epoetin alfa (Epogen), the nurse instructs the patient about adverse effects that may occur, such as
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: hypertension. Epoetin alfa stimulates red blood cell production, which can lead to increased blood viscosity and subsequently hypertension. This adverse effect is well-documented and requires close monitoring during therapy. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as anxiety, drowsiness, and constipation are not commonly associated with epoetin alfa therapy. It is important for the nurse to educate the patient on the potential adverse effects of hypertension and the importance of monitoring blood pressure regularly during treatment.
Question 5 of 5
An agonist is a substance that:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because an agonist interacts with the receptor and initiates changes in cell function. Agonists bind to the receptor and activate it, leading to a cellular response. Choice A is incorrect because agonists do produce an effect. Choice C is too general and does not specifically define the role of an agonist. Choice D describes the mechanism of a potentiator, not an agonist. In summary, an agonist directly interacts with the receptor to elicit a cellular response, making choice B the correct answer.