Which type of bone cell is responsible for the formation of bone?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this NCLEX question related to the neurological system, the correct answer is C) Osteoblast. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells responsible for bone formation through the process of osteogenesis. They play a crucial role in bone remodeling and repair. Osteocytes (A) are mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue but do not actively form new bone. Osteoclasts (B) are responsible for bone resorption, breaking down bone tissue. Sarcomere (D) is a structural unit of myofibrils in muscle cells, not related to bone formation. Understanding the function of each type of bone cell is essential in the context of the neurological system as bones provide support and protection for the nervous system. Knowing the roles of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts is fundamental for nurses and healthcare professionals in managing patients with neurological conditions that may affect bone health. This knowledge is crucial for providing holistic care and understanding the implications of neurological disorders on bone integrity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the emergency department, the priority intervention for a patient with a stroke is option D, which is the maintenance of respiratory function with a patent airway and oxygen administration. This is crucial because adequate oxygenation is essential for brain function and to prevent further damage in a patient experiencing a stroke. The other options are not the priority interventions for a stroke patient in the emergency department. Option A, intravenous fluid replacement, may be necessary but is not the immediate priority in a stroke situation. Option B, administration of osmotic diuretics, is not the first-line intervention and is typically used later in stroke management. Option C, initiation of hypothermia, is not a standard intervention for stroke in the acute setting. Educationally, it is important for healthcare providers to understand the critical nature of maintaining respiratory function in stroke patients to optimize oxygen delivery to the brain. This knowledge is essential for providing effective care and improving patient outcomes in stroke management. It is vital for nurses and other healthcare professionals to prioritize interventions based on the immediate needs of the patient to ensure the best possible outcome.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Provide a quiet, dimly lit environment to reduce stimuli that increase muscle tension and anxiety. This intervention is appropriate because it directly addresses the environmental factors that can contribute to exacerbating anxiety in a patient with a headache. A quiet and dimly lit environment can help reduce sensory stimuli, promoting relaxation and potentially alleviating the patient's anxiety. Option A) Help the patient to examine lifestyle patterns and precipitating factors is not the most appropriate intervention in this context as it focuses more on identifying contributing factors rather than addressing the immediate need to reduce anxiety. Option B) Administer medications as ordered to relieve pain and promote relaxation may be necessary for pain relief but does not directly address the anxiety related to lack of knowledge about the headache etiology and treatment. Educationally, it is important for nurses to understand the holistic approach to patient care, considering not only the physical symptoms but also the psychological and environmental factors that can impact a patient's well-being. Providing a calm and soothing environment is a non-invasive, patient-centered intervention that can help manage anxiety and promote comfort in patients experiencing headaches.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "Weakness of one leg resulting in a limping walk," is the most indicative of Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms like bradykinesia, rigidity, tremors, and postural instability. The weakness in one leg leading to a limping walk can be a manifestation of bradykinesia and muscle rigidity commonly seen in Parkinson's patients. Option A, "Large embellished handwriting," is more suggestive of a condition called micrographia, where handwriting becomes smaller and more cramped in Parkinson's disease, not larger and embellished as described in the option. Option D, "Difficulty rising from a chair and beginning to walk," is a common symptom in Parkinson's disease due to bradykinesia and rigidity, but weakness in one leg resulting in a limping walk is more specific to Parkinson's and aligns better with the typical gait disturbances seen in this condition. Educationally, understanding the specific motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease is crucial for nurses to recognize the early signs and provide appropriate care and support to patients. Assessing gait abnormalities, like a limping walk due to leg weakness, can help in early detection and timely intervention in Parkinson's disease. This knowledge enhances the nurse's ability to collaborate with the healthcare team in managing Parkinson's patients effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In caring for patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), drug therapy for cognitive problems and undesirable behaviors is a crucial aspect of collaborative care. The correct answer, option B, is the most appropriate because medications can help manage symptoms such as memory loss and behavioral changes associated with AD. Drugs like cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are commonly used to improve cognitive function and manage behavioral symptoms. Option A, replacement of deficient acetylcholine in the brain, is incorrect because while acetylcholine levels are reduced in AD, simply replacing it has not been shown to effectively treat the disease. Option C, the use of memory-enhancing techniques to delay disease progression, is incorrect because while cognitive stimulation activities may benefit patients in the early stages, they do not alter the course of the disease. Option D, prevention of other chronic diseases that hasten the progression of AD, is incorrect as it focuses on general health measures rather than specific AD treatment. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind the correct answer helps students grasp the importance of pharmacological interventions in managing AD symptoms. It also emphasizes the need for evidence-based practices in dementia care, highlighting the limitations of non-pharmacological approaches in altering disease progression. This question reinforces the significance of tailored treatment plans and interdisciplinary collaboration in providing optimal care for patients with neurological disorders.