Which treatment is used first for the patient with a confirmed MI to open the blocked artery within 90 minutes of arrival to the facility?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). PCI is the preferred treatment to open a blocked artery in a patient with a confirmed MI within 90 minutes as it is a minimally invasive procedure that can quickly restore blood flow. Stent placement (A) is part of PCI and can be performed during the procedure. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) (B) is a more invasive surgery usually done in stable patients, not in emergency situations like an acute MI. Transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR) (D) is not a first-line treatment for acute MI and is typically used in specific cases where other treatments have failed.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (Both A and B) because tetralogy of Fallot is characterized by four defects, including ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis. Surgical management involves repairing these defects to improve blood flow and oxygenation. Option A (Ventricular septal defect) is incorrect because it only addresses one of the defects in tetralogy of Fallot. Option B (Pulmonary stenosis) is also incorrect as it only focuses on another single defect. Option D (None of the above) is incorrect as surgical management typically involves addressing both defects to effectively treat tetralogy of Fallot.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: supine with right leg elevated. Elevating the right leg helps reduce swelling and improve venous return, aiding in managing venous occlusion. Elevating the left leg, as in choice D, would not be effective as it does not target the affected leg. Choices A and B do not specifically address the venous occlusion in the right leg. Positioning Mrs. B. supine with the right leg elevated is the most appropriate choice for improving her condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nutrition and exercise patterns. This is important as nutrition and exercise directly impact Mr. Jones' hypertension management. Assessing his diet and physical activity can help identify risk factors and areas for intervention. Educational background (A) is less relevant unless related to health literacy. Marital status (C) may have minimal impact on hypertension. Childhood diseases (D) are less pertinent compared to current lifestyle factors. Understanding his nutrition and exercise patterns is crucial in developing a tailored discharge plan for Mr. Jones.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: strength of contraction. Digitalis preparations, such as digoxin, increase the strength of myocardial contraction by inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump, leading to an increase in intracellular calcium levels. This results in a positive inotropic effect, enhancing the force of cardiac muscle contraction. The other choices are incorrect because digitalis preparations do not affect the rate of contraction (choice A), conduction velocity (choice C), or kidney function (choice D).