Which TORCH infection can be spread through respiratory droplets and cause congenital heart defects, cataracts, deafness, and central nervous system abnormalities?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: rubella. Rubella is a TORCH infection that can be spread through respiratory droplets. It can cause congenital heart defects, cataracts, deafness, and central nervous system abnormalities in infants if the mother is infected during pregnancy. Rubella is known to have teratogenic effects on the developing fetus. Toxoplasmosis (A) is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food or water, not respiratory droplets. Syphilis (B) is primarily sexually transmitted or through vertical transmission during pregnancy. Cytomegalovirus (D) is typically transmitted through bodily fluids like saliva, blood, urine, and breast milk, not solely through respiratory droplets.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Glucosuria. Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and edema. Glucosuria is not a typical symptom of preeclampsia. It indicates the presence of glucose in the urine, which is a sign of diabetes rather than preeclampsia. Therefore, glucosuria would not present as a symptom of preeclampsia. Other choices (A, B, D) are incorrect because they are commonly associated with preeclampsia based on pathophysiology and clinical presentation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because spontaneous termination of a pregnancy before 20 weeks is considered a miscarriage, not an abortion. Choice B is incorrect because fetal weight does not determine the classification of the termination. Choice C is incorrect as passing products of conception intact does not define the type of termination. Choice D is also incorrect as the absence of intrauterine infection does not determine if the termination is considered a spontaneous abortion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because assessing fetal heart rate and maternal vital signs is crucial to determine the immediate status of both the mother and the baby. This helps in identifying any signs of distress and guiding further interventions. Monitoring uterine contractions (A) can be important too, but assessing fetal heart rate and maternal vital signs take priority for immediate evaluation. Placing clean disposable pads (C) is helpful for drainage management but not the top priority. Performing a venipuncture for hemoglobin and hematocrit levels (D) is important for assessing blood loss but is not as immediate as assessing fetal heart rate and maternal vital signs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Recurrent pelvic infections. Pelvic infections can lead to scarring and inflammation in the fallopian tubes, increasing the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Ovarian cysts and heavy menstrual flow are not directly linked to ectopic pregnancy. Using oral contraceptives actually reduces the risk of ectopic pregnancy by preventing ovulation and thinning the endometrial lining, making it less likely for a fertilized egg to implant outside the uterus.