ATI RN
Genitourinary System Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which test is required for a diagnosis of pyelonephritis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Urine for culture and sensitivity. This test is required for a diagnosis of pyelonephritis as it helps identify the specific bacteria causing the infection and determines the most effective antibiotic treatment. Renal biopsy (A) is not typically required for diagnosing pyelonephritis. Blood culture (B) may be helpful in severe cases but is not specific for pyelonephritis. Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) (C) is a radiological test used to visualize the urinary tract but does not confirm the diagnosis of pyelonephritis.
Question 2 of 5
What would the nurse first anticipate in the treatment of a patient in the Injury stage of the RIFLE staging of AKI?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because in the Injury stage of AKI, the priority is to maintain fluid balance and prevent further kidney damage. IV fluid administration helps improve renal perfusion, while furosemide helps manage fluid overload. A: Assessing daily weight is important but not the first priority in the Injury stage. C: IV insulin and sodium bicarbonate are not typically indicated in the initial treatment of AKI. D: Urinalysis is important for diagnostics but not the first intervention in the Injury stage.
Question 3 of 5
The patient with chronic kidney disease is considering whether to use peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD). What are advantages of PD when compared to HD (select all that apply)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Less protein loss. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) occurs continuously, allowing for a slower and gentler removal of waste products, leading to less protein loss compared to the intermittent nature of hemodialysis (HD). This is because PD uses the peritoneal membrane as a filter, which is more gentle on proteins. Rapid fluid removal (B) is actually an advantage of HD, as it can quickly remove excess fluids. Less cardiovascular stress (C) is not a specific advantage of PD over HD, as both types of dialysis can impact cardiovascular health. Decreased hyperlipidemia (D) is not a direct advantage of PD over HD.
Question 4 of 5
Mrs. Miller has a diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis. To prevent renal damage her plan of care should include
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Acute pyelonephritis requires antibiotic therapy to eliminate the infection and prevent renal damage. 2. Continuing drug therapy indefinitely ensures complete eradication of the infection. 3. Stopping drug therapy prematurely can lead to recurrence and potential renal complications. 4. Understanding the necessity of drug therapy is crucial for Mrs. Miller's long-term renal health. Summary: A: Incorrect. Restricting fluid intake can worsen the infection and hinder recovery. B: Incorrect. Protein intake is not directly related to the treatment of acute pyelonephritis. D: Incorrect. Preventing viral infections is not directly relevant to the treatment of acute pyelonephritis.
Question 5 of 5
Mary Jane develops edema after the birth of her first child and will be treated by peritoneal dialysis. The nurse will have the patient void before the catheter is introduced into the peritoneal space to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: prevent accidental puncture of the bladder. Voiding before catheter insertion ensures the bladder is empty, reducing the risk of bladder puncture during peritoneal dialysis. Choice A is incorrect as voiding does not determine treatment effectiveness. Choice C is incorrect as output recording is not the primary reason for voiding. Choice D is incorrect as voiding does not directly prevent incontinence during peritoneal dialysis.