ATI RN
NCLEX Pediatric Respiratory Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which symptom is NOT typically seen in children with heart failure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding the symptoms of heart failure in children is crucial for providing effective care. The correct answer, option C, "Weight gain," is not typically seen in children with heart failure. This is because heart failure in children often presents with symptoms such as poor feeding (option A), rapid breathing (option B), and fatigue (option D). Poor feeding is common in children with heart failure due to increased metabolic demands and decreased cardiac output, leading to reduced appetite. Rapid breathing occurs as the body compensates for the heart's inability to pump effectively by increasing respiratory rate to improve oxygenation. Fatigue is a result of the heart’s decreased ability to pump blood efficiently, leading to decreased energy levels in children with heart failure. Understanding these symptoms is essential for nurses caring for pediatric patients with heart failure as early recognition and intervention can significantly impact outcomes. Educating nurses on these manifestations equips them to provide timely and appropriate care, such as monitoring intake and output, administering medications, and collaborating with the healthcare team to optimize the child's cardiac function. This knowledge ensures safe and effective nursing practice in managing pediatric patients with heart failure.
Question 2 of 5
The aim of the rehabilitation phase in the treatment of malnutrition is to;
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the treatment of malnutrition, the rehabilitation phase aims to achieve catch-up growth. This is the correct answer because during this phase, the focus shifts from simply providing adequate nutrition to promoting rapid growth and weight gain to make up for the period of malnutrition. Catch-up growth is essential to ensure that the child reaches their appropriate growth potential and developmental milestones. Option A, repairing cellular function, is not the primary goal of the rehabilitation phase. While improving cellular function is important, the main focus of this phase is on promoting growth and development. Option B, correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalance, is more related to the initial phases of treating malnutrition when stabilization and correction of imbalances take precedence. Option C, restoring homeostasis, is a more general concept and not the specific goal of the rehabilitation phase in treating malnutrition. Educationally, understanding the different phases of treating malnutrition is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients. It is important for nurses to know the specific goals of each phase to provide effective care and monitor the child's progress accurately. Recognizing the significance of catch-up growth in the rehabilitation phase helps nurses tailor interventions to support optimal outcomes for children recovering from malnutrition.
Question 3 of 5
Gross motor development of an infant can also be seen to the head onto what degree the infant can lift it when prone. When can you expect an infant to raise his head 90° when prone?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) 4 months. At around 4 months of age, infants typically develop the strength and control in their neck and upper body muscles to lift their head to a 90° angle when placed in a prone (on stomach) position. This milestone is an important indicator of the infant's gross motor development and is a crucial step towards achieving further motor skills, such as rolling over and eventually crawling. Option A) 1 month is too early for an infant to lift their head to a 90° angle. At this stage, most infants are still developing their neck muscles and have limited control over their head movement. Option B) 2 months is also premature for this milestone as infants are still in the early stages of building neck strength and control. Option C) 3 months is closer to the correct timeline, but most infants will not have the full capability to lift their head to 90° at this stage. Understanding the timeline of gross motor development in infants is crucial for pediatric nurses as it allows them to assess a child's growth and development accurately. By recognizing the expected milestones, nurses can identify any potential delays or concerns early on and provide appropriate interventions to support the child's progress.
Question 4 of 5
Imaginary friends are common among pre-school as a way for them to manipulate their environment. The parents of Jillian a 4 year old child told the nurse that the child has an invisible friend named Jonjon. Jillian blames Jonjon for any misbehaviour and is often heard scolding him calling him a bad boy. The nurse understands that the best interpretation of this behaviour is which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) A way of the child to assume control. This behavior of Jillian having an imaginary friend named Jonjon and blaming him for misbehavior is likely a way for Jillian to assert control over her environment. Imaginary friends are common in preschoolers and can serve as a coping mechanism for children to navigate their emotions and situations they may not fully understand. By placing blame on Jonjon, Jillian may be trying to distance herself from negative behavior and attribute it to an external source, giving her a sense of control over her actions. Option A) A delay in moral development is incorrect because having an imaginary friend and assigning blame to them is a normal part of child development and does not necessarily indicate a delay in moral development. Option B) Impaired parent-child relationship is incorrect as there is no evidence in the scenario to suggest a strained relationship between Jillian and her parents. Option D) Inconsistent parental discipline strategies is incorrect as there is no information provided that links Jillian's behavior to inconsistent discipline from her parents. In an educational context, understanding the significance of imaginary friends and the role they play in children's development can help nurses and caregivers support children's emotional and cognitive growth. By recognizing these behaviors as normal and age-appropriate, adults can provide appropriate guidance and support to help children navigate their emotions and experiences effectively.
Question 5 of 5
Gino Ang, who weighed 7 lbs. at birth, was discharged from the hospital on his 3rd day of life. During the nest 2 weeks at home he developed severe vomiting & weight loss, although his appetite remained good. Finally, Gino's mother brought him to the hospital ER for treatment. Gino's PE revealed severe dehydration, epigastric pain & distention, and a palpable olive-size mass in the right upper quadrant. Vomiting due to this type of obstruction is typically characterized as: 1. Bile stained 2. Initiated with great force 3. Decreasing in severity in time 4. Unaccompanied by nausea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) 1,2 because the symptoms described in the scenario are indicative of pyloric stenosis, a condition commonly seen in infants. Vomiting in pyloric stenosis is typically bile-stained (option 1) due to the obstruction near the pyloric sphincter preventing food from reaching the intestines where bile is added. The characteristic projectile vomiting (option 2) occurs as the stomach tries to forcefully expel the contents. This pattern of vomiting can lead to severe dehydration and weight loss as seen in Gino. Option B) 1,3 and Option C) 2,3 are incorrect because vomiting in pyloric stenosis does not decrease in severity over time; it actually worsens if left untreated. Option D) 2,4 is incorrect because vomiting in pyloric stenosis is typically associated with nausea due to the forceful nature of the vomiting. For nursing students preparing for the NCLEX, understanding common pediatric conditions like pyloric stenosis is crucial. Recognizing the signs and symptoms, as well as understanding the pathophysiology behind them, can help in early identification and intervention, ultimately improving patient outcomes. Being able to differentiate between different types of vomiting patterns can aid in clinical decision-making and providing appropriate care for pediatric patients.