ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which surgical procedure involves removing a portion of the lung?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lobectomy. A lobectomy involves the removal of a lobe of the lung. This procedure is commonly done to treat lung cancer or other conditions affecting a specific lobe. Pneumonectomy (B) involves the removal of an entire lung, not just a portion. Tracheostomy (C) is the surgical creation of an opening in the windpipe to help with breathing, not a lung removal procedure. Bronchoscopy (D) is a diagnostic procedure to visualize the airways using a flexible tube with a camera, not a lung removal surgery. Therefore, A is the correct choice for removing a portion of the lung.
Question 2 of 5
This is a test that measures the oxygen saturation level in the blood, often used to assess respiratory function.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pulse oximetry. Pulse oximetry measures oxygen saturation levels in the blood by using a non-invasive method to determine the percentage of hemoglobin carrying oxygen. This test is commonly used to assess respiratory function quickly and efficiently. Summary of incorrect options: B: Spirometry measures lung function by assessing airflow and volume. C: ABG measures oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood. D: Lung function test is a broad term that can include various tests, such as spirometry and imaging studies.
Question 3 of 5
What is a condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to a buildup of fluid in the lungs and other parts of the body?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): Heart failure is the correct answer because it is a condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs and other parts of the body. This occurs due to the heart's inability to adequately circulate blood, causing congestion and fluid retention. Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling. Treatment aims to improve heart function and manage symptoms. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B (Cardiomyopathy): Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle, which can lead to heart failure, but it is not the specific condition described in the question. C (Myocardial infarction): Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, results from a blockage in a coronary artery causing damage to the heart muscle, but it does not directly lead to fluid buildup in the lungs and body. D (Pulmonary edema): Pulmonary edema is a condition characterized by fluid
Question 4 of 5
What is a condition where the heart beats with an irregular or abnormal rhythm?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arrhythmia. Arrhythmia refers to an irregular or abnormal heart rhythm. This is because the heart beats in a disorganized manner, which can lead to various health issues. Hypertension (B) is high blood pressure, not a heart rhythm issue. Tachycardia (C) is a condition where the heart beats too fast, not necessarily irregularly. Bradycardia (D) is when the heart beats too slowly, not necessarily irregularly. Therefore, Arrhythmia is the correct choice in this context.
Question 5 of 5
Which condition is characterized by the narrowing or blockage of arteries that supply blood to the heart by plaque?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is characterized by the narrowing or blockage of arteries supplying blood to the heart by plaque buildup. Plaque consists of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances that can restrict blood flow to the heart, leading to various heart-related issues. Atherosclerosis (B) is the process of plaque buildup in arteries but is not specific to the heart. Peripheral artery disease (C) involves plaque buildup in arteries outside the heart. Congestive heart failure (D) is a condition where the heart cannot pump blood effectively, not directly related to plaque buildup in coronary arteries.