ATI RN
Pharmacology Across the Lifespan ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statements are true about Modafinil?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse administers an initial dose of a steroid to a patient with asthma. Thirty minutes after administration, the nurse finds the patient agitated and stating that 'everyone is out to get me.' Which term is used for this unusual reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct term for the patient's unusual reaction is "C: Idiosyncratic reaction." This is because an idiosyncratic reaction is an unexpected and individual response to a medication that is not related to the known pharmacological actions of the drug. In this case, the patient's agitated behavior and paranoia are not typical side effects of steroids but rather a unique reaction specific to this individual. A: Desired action is incorrect because the patient's symptoms are not the intended therapeutic effect of the steroid. B: Adverse effect is incorrect because adverse effects are known and expected side effects of a medication, not unusual or unexpected reactions like in this scenario. D: Allergic reaction is incorrect because the patient's symptoms are not consistent with an allergic response, which typically involves rash, itching, or difficulty breathing.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following drugs would be most appropriate for the patient at this time?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Caspofungin. This drug is an echinocandin antifungal agent used for serious fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. It is effective against a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens. Terbinafine (A) is used for dermatophyte infections, Griseofulvin (B) is used for superficial fungal infections, and Nystatin (C) is primarily used topically for candidiasis. Caspofungin (D) is the best choice for serious systemic fungal infections due to its broad spectrum and efficacy.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following drug-related adverse effects was most likely decreased by hydrocortisone?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Infusion reaction. Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid that has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, which can help decrease infusion reactions such as fever, chills, and allergic reactions during drug administration. It works by suppressing the immune response that triggers these reactions. Red man syndrome (A) is associated with vancomycin use, nephrotoxicity (B) is related to kidney damage caused by certain drugs, and hepatotoxicity (C) refers to liver damage from drugs. These adverse effects are not directly impacted by hydrocortisone's mechanism of action.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following drugs is used to treat high cholesterol by inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ezetimibe. Ezetimibe works by inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine, reducing the amount of cholesterol that enters the bloodstream. Atorvastatin and Simvastatin are statins that work by reducing the production of cholesterol in the liver. Fenofibrate is a fibrate drug that helps lower triglycerides, not specifically targeting cholesterol absorption in the small intestine. Therefore, the correct choice is B as it directly addresses the mechanism of inhibiting cholesterol absorption in the small intestine.