ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drugs Pharmacology Slideshare Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statement represents the most appropriate instructions for a patient with a past suicide attempt who is prescribed amitriptyline (Elavil), 150 mg PO at bedtime?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because picking up a 7-day supply at the pharmacy each week ensures regular monitoring and compliance. This allows healthcare professionals to assess the patient's response to the medication and monitor for any potential side effects or worsening of symptoms. The other choices are incorrect because B does not address the need for regular monitoring, C may not be feasible for all patients and may compromise patient autonomy, and D is impractical and does not provide consistent access to medication.
Question 2 of 5
A 10-year-old patient will be started on methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin) therapy. The nurse will perform which essential baseline assessment before this drug is started?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Height and weight. Before starting methylphenidate therapy in a 10-year-old patient, it is essential to assess height and weight as this medication can affect growth and appetite. Monitoring these parameters at baseline helps establish a reference point for future assessment of treatment effects on growth. Eye examination (A) is important for long-term monitoring but not essential before starting therapy. Liver studies (C) are not typically required before starting methylphenidate therapy. Hearing test (D) is not directly related to starting this medication.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has a digoxin level of 1.4 ng/mL. The nurse interprets that this level is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a digoxin level of 1.4 ng/mL falls within the therapeutic range of 0.5-2 ng/mL. This level is appropriate for treating heart conditions effectively without causing toxicity. Choice A is incorrect because 1.4 ng/mL is within the therapeutic range. Choice C is incorrect as the level is not above the therapeutic range. Choice D is incorrect because a level of 1.4 ng/mL is not considered toxic.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is started on a diuretic for antihypertensive therapy. The nurse expects that a drug in which class is likely to be used initially?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Thiazide diuretics. Thiazide diuretics are commonly used as first-line therapy for hypertension due to their effectiveness in reducing blood pressure by promoting diuresis. They work by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule, leading to decreased fluid volume and lower blood pressure. Thiazides are well-tolerated and have shown to reduce cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients. Loop diuretics (A) are more potent and are typically reserved for patients with more severe fluid overload conditions. Osmotic diuretics (B) are used for acute renal failure or cerebral edema, not for hypertension. Potassium-sparing diuretics (D) are typically used in combination with thiazides to prevent hypokalemia, not as initial therapy.
Question 5 of 5
What kind of substances can’t permeate membranes by passive diffusion?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because hydrophilic substances cannot permeate membranes by passive diffusion due to their polarity and inability to dissolve in the hydrophobic lipid bilayer. This prevents them from crossing the membrane without the assistance of transport proteins. A, B, and C are incorrect because lipid-soluble, non-ionized substances, and hydrophobic substances can easily pass through membranes by passive diffusion as they can dissolve in the lipid bilayer.