Which statement related to dehydration made by a patient with hypovolemia is the best indicator to the nurse of the need for additional teaching?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the statement "I will drink coffee and cola drinks throughout the day" indicates a lack of understanding regarding proper hydration. Coffee and cola drinks contain caffeine, which can lead to increased fluid loss and exacerbate dehydration. It is important to educate the patient that these beverages are not suitable for maintaining proper hydration levels. Choice A is not the best indicator for additional teaching as it shows the patient's intention to drink an adequate amount of fluids daily. Choice B, while not ideal, still acknowledges the importance of drinking water when thirsty. Choice D is also not the best indicator for additional teaching as it demonstrates the patient's awareness of avoiding alcohol-containing drinks, which can contribute to dehydration.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Renal function does not represent a possible source of input for the internal body pool because it refers to the excretory system's function of filtering waste and excess substances from the blood, rather than introducing substances into the body. Inhalation introduces gases or particles into the body through the respiratory system. Intravenous injection delivers substances directly into the bloodstream. Absorption through the skin allows substances to enter the body through the skin barrier. Renal function involves filtering and eliminating substances from the body, making it the only choice that does not add to the internal body pool.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: ethnicity. Body water content is primarily determined by physiological factors, such as sex, age, and body composition. Ethnicity does not directly affect body water content as it is not a physiological factor. Sex can influence body water content due to hormonal differences, age affects it due to changes in body composition and metabolism, and body composition, such as muscle mass and fat percentage, can also impact body water content. Therefore, ethnicity is the factor that does NOT determine body water content.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (25 percent) because plasma constitutes around 20-25% of extracellular fluid. Plasma is the liquid component of blood and is part of the extracellular fluid. Option A (0 percent) is incorrect because plasma does make up a percentage of extracellular fluid. Option C (50 percent) and Option D (75 percent) are incorrect as they overestimate the percentage of extracellular fluid that plasma constitutes. Plasma, while important, is only a portion of the extracellular fluid in the body.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: plasma membrane. This is because the plasma membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that separates the extracellular fluid (ECF) outside the cell from the intracellular fluid (ICF) inside the cell. It regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining the internal environment of the cell. Choice B (blood-brain barrier) is incorrect as it specifically refers to a barrier within the brain that regulates the passage of substances between the blood and the brain tissue, not between ECF and ICF. Choice C (blood vessel walls) is incorrect as blood vessel walls primarily regulate the exchange of substances between the blood and tissues, not between ECF and ICF. Choice D (transcellular membrane) is incorrect as it is not a commonly recognized term in cell biology. The term transcellular transport refers to the movement of substances across a cell, which is facilitated by various cellular structures including the plasma membrane.