Which statement is true regarding microplastics?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because microplastics are indeed tiny plastic particles with a diameter less than 3mm. This is a universally accepted definition of microplastics by researchers and environmental organizations. Choice A is incorrect as the health risks of microplastics are still being studied and not fully understood. Choice C is an exaggerated figure as the exact amount of microplastics in the oceans is difficult to determine. Choice D is incorrect because microplastics have been found in various food sources, including seafood, indicating that they do end up on our plates.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the Bartley Topology, a sociological theory, emphasizes structural factors like parental income, employment, quality of schools, neighborhoods, and environment in shaping children's life outcomes. These material conditions significantly impact children's opportunities and resources, influencing their future socioeconomic status. Choice A (Parents beliefs, norms, and values) focuses on ideological factors, not material conditions. Choice B (Children perceived status) is related to social status, not materialist factors. Choice C (The political economy) is broader and does not specifically address the material conditions that the Bartley Topology emphasizes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because cardiovascular disease is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors can predispose individuals to certain cardiovascular conditions, accounting for about 30% of coronary disease, as stated in choice A. However, cultural and environmental factors, as mentioned in choices B and C, also play a significant role in the development of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the combination of genetic predisposition and environmental influences contributes to the overall risk of cardiovascular disease. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect on their own because they each represent only a part of the factors influencing cardiovascular disease, while choice D encompasses the comprehensive understanding of the multiple risk factors involved.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because both statements A and C are true. Statement A is correct as individuals with Type A personalities are indeed at a higher risk of developing heart disease compared to those with Type B personalities. Statement C is also correct as both anxiety and major depression have been linked to increased risk of cardiac deaths. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as it includes both true statements. Statement B is incorrect as there is no mention of Type D personalities being at quadruple the risk of developing heart disease in the question.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the unemployment rate includes both the unemployed and the economically inactive individuals, while the unemployment proportion only considers the percentage of unemployed individuals in relation to the available workforce. Including the economically inactive in the rate provides a more comprehensive measure of the labor market's health. Choice A is incorrect as rate and proportion have distinct meanings. Choice B is incorrect as it only focuses on the percentage of unemployed individuals without considering the broader labor force. Choice D is incorrect as it introduces a specific subgroup (new graduates) not relevant to the definitions of unemployment rate and proportion.