Which statement defines the community health nurse's main focus as compared to the acute health care nurse?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the community health nurse's main focus is the community itself as the client. Community health nurses work to improve the health of the population as a whole through preventive measures, health promotion, and disease prevention. They address the social determinants of health and collaborate with community resources. Choice A is incorrect as community health nurses focus on the broader community, not just one individual. Choice B is also incorrect as although family may be part of the focus, the main emphasis is on the community. Choice D is incomplete, making it an incorrect option.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Primary prevention. This is because providing H1N1 immunizations to all students in the elementary school aims to prevent the outbreak of the disease before it occurs, which is the primary goal of primary prevention. Secondary prevention (choice A) involves early detection and treatment to prevent the disease from progressing. Tertiary prevention (choice C) focuses on managing the impact of the disease to prevent complications. Preoperative prevention (choice D) is not a recognized form of preventive method in public health. In summary, providing immunizations to prevent the spread of H1N1 in the school is an example of primary prevention, addressing the root cause of the disease.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because Florence Nightingale was a pioneer in gathering evidence to support hygiene practices in nursing. She emphasized the importance of cleanliness and infection control to improve patient outcomes. This is still a fundamental aspect of nursing practice today. Explanation: A. Gathering evidence to support hygiene practices aligns with Nightingale's emphasis on sanitation and infection control. B. Nightingale did not prescribe antibiotics as she was not a medical doctor. C. Nightingale did identify the effectiveness of handwashing but the primary focus was on hygiene practices in general, not specifically handwashing. D. Nightingale did advocate for nurses to be present in surgery, but she did not facilitate their presence herself as she was not a circulating nurse.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Provided care to indigent and homeless women and children. Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster established the Henry Street Settlement in New York City in 1893, which focused on providing healthcare and social services to the impoverished population, particularly women and children. This service was crucial in addressing the health disparities and improving the well-being of marginalized communities. The other choices are incorrect because: A) The Red Cross was founded by Clara Barton, not by Wald and Brewster. B) While sanitation is important for public health, it was not the primary focus of the House of Henry Street. D) The House of Henry Street did not create new regulations or laws to make sanitation mandatory.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Behavior choices made by persons in the community. This factor has the greatest influence on a community's health because individual behaviors such as diet, exercise, smoking, and preventive care directly impact health outcomes. By promoting healthy behaviors and providing education on risk factors, the community health nurse can effectively improve the overall health of the community. Choice B: Number of clinics and hospitals in the community is incorrect because access to healthcare facilities is important but does not directly influence individual behavior choices that impact health outcomes. Choice C: Number of people in the community is incorrect because while population size can affect healthcare resource allocation, it does not directly address individual behavior choices that are crucial for community health. Therefore, choice A is the correct answer as it addresses the root cause of health outcomes and allows for targeted interventions to improve community health.