Which statement correctly exemplifies a critical cultural perspective?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (A): 1. A critical cultural perspective recognizes that culture is dynamic and contextual. 2. It acknowledges that culture is not static but evolves over time. 3. Understanding culture as relational highlights the interconnectedness of people and their environment. 4. This perspective emphasizes the importance of considering historical, social, and political factors in analyzing culture. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: This choice assumes cultural homogeneity, which does not account for diversity and variation within cultures. C: While language and behavior are aspects of culture, they do not encompass the entirety of cultural expressions. D: This choice oversimplifies culture by suggesting it is solely influenced by environmental factors, neglecting social and historical dimensions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Health screenings such as mammograms, because secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of diseases to prevent progression. Health screenings help identify conditions at early stages, allowing for timely intervention. Routine immunizations (A) are considered primary prevention as they prevent diseases from occurring. Smoking cessation programs (C) and health education on healthy eating (D) are examples of primary prevention, as they aim to prevent the development of diseases by promoting healthy behaviors.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dry mucous membranes. Dry mucous membranes are a common sign of dehydration as the body lacks adequate fluid. When a person is dehydrated, there is a decrease in saliva production, leading to dryness in the mouth and throat. This can be easily observed during a physical examination by looking at the patient's lips, tongue, and inside of the mouth. On the other hand, increased urine output (choice A) is a sign of adequate hydration, decreased heart rate (choice B) can be a normal response to dehydration but is not a consistent indicator, and increased blood pressure (choice D) is not typically associated with dehydration. Therefore, dry mucous membranes are the most reliable finding to suggest dehydration in a patient.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Be totally honest with him, even if the information is unpleasant. This is the best approach because honesty builds trust and credibility, crucial in a healthcare setting. It allows the teenager to make informed decisions about his care and fosters a therapeutic relationship. Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect: A: Using periods of silence may be misinterpreted as indifference or lack of engagement. C: Promising total confidentiality may not be feasible in healthcare settings and could lead to potential harm if critical information needs to be shared with others for the patient's safety. D: Using slang language may come across as unprofessional and may hinder effective communication and understanding between the nurse and the patient.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ear. Examining the ear first is crucial in infants as it allows the nurse to assess for any signs of infection or abnormalities that could impact the infant's overall health. Ear infections are common in infants and can lead to serious complications if not detected early. By examining the ear first, the nurse can promptly address any issues and provide appropriate treatment. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: - B: Nose - While examining the nose is important, it is not the priority in infants as ear issues are more common and can have immediate implications on health. - C: Throat - Throat examination is important but typically follows ear examination in infants, as ear infections are more prevalent. - D: Abdomen - Abdominal examination is important for overall health assessment but is not the initial area to examine in infants as ear issues take precedence due to their frequency and potential impact.