Which statement by a nurse indicates a good understanding about the differences between data validation and data interpretation?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because data validation involves comparing data with other sources to ensure accuracy. This process helps in identifying any discrepancies or errors in the data. By cross-referencing with other sources, the nurse can verify the correctness of the data. Rationale: 1. Data validation checks the accuracy of the data by comparing it with external sources. 2. Data interpretation involves analyzing and making sense of the data, not comparing it with other sources. 3. Option A is incorrect because data validation typically comes after data collection and precedes data interpretation. 4. Option B is incorrect as validation does not specifically involve looking for patterns in professional standards. 5. Option D is incorrect because data interpretation focuses on understanding trends and insights from the data, not patterns in professional standards.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Dryness of mouth Rationale: 1. Trihexyphenidyl is an anticholinergic medication commonly used to treat Parkinson's disease. 2. Anticholinergic drugs inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to decreased secretions. 3. Dryness of mouth (xerostomia) is a common side effect of anticholinergic medications. 4. Excessive salivation, bradycardia, and constipation are not typically associated with anticholinergic drugs, making them incorrect choices.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because individuals with AB blood type are considered universal recipients, meaning they can receive blood from any blood type without risking complications due to incompatibility. This is because their blood cells have both A and B antigens and do not produce antibodies against either type. Therefore, the client can safely receive blood from types A, B, AB, or O without adverse reactions. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they limit the options for blood transfusion based on the client's AB blood type, which is not necessary given the unique nature of AB blood as universal recipients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, notifying the health care provider. This is the most appropriate initial intervention because chest pain can be a symptom of a serious medical condition like a heart attack. The health care provider needs to be informed immediately to assess the situation and provide appropriate treatment. Reassessing the patient (A) may delay crucial medical intervention. Administering pain medication (C) without knowing the cause of chest pain can be dangerous. Calling radiology for a chest x-ray (D) is not the initial step in managing new onset chest pain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased ICP. Decreasing level of consciousness is a classic sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) due to the compression of the brain. As ICP rises, it impairs cerebral perfusion leading to altered mental status. Parasympathetic response (B) and sympathetic response (C) are related to autonomic nervous system functions, not consciousness. Increased cerebral blood flow (D) might lead to conditions like hyperemia but does not directly cause a decreased level of consciousness.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase fluid intake. This is important for a client undergoing radiation and chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma to prevent dehydration, help flush out toxins, and support kidney function. Increasing fluid intake can also help manage side effects like nausea and vomiting. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because low-fat meals, soft bland foods, and foods rich in folic acid are not specifically indicated for clients undergoing radiation and chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inform the physician. This is essential because a sudden change in vital signs may indicate a critical condition that requires immediate medical attention. The physician needs to be informed promptly to assess the situation and provide appropriate interventions. Summary: - B: Changing environmental settings is not a priority when dealing with sudden changes in vital signs. - C: Altering diet intake is not an immediate response to sudden changes in vital signs. - D: Decreasing physical activity may not address the underlying cause of the sudden change in vital signs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because using a PICOT question involves formulating a research question to guide evidence-based practice. B indicates the nurse is implementing interventions based on scientific research, aligning with the PICOT framework (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Timeframe). This approach ensures that care decisions are supported by the best available evidence, leading to improved patient outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because practicing nursing based on court evidence does not align with the PICOT framework. Choice C is incorrect as using standardized care plans for all patients may not consider individual patient needs and preferences as required in a PICOT question. Choice D is incorrect as planning care based on tradition does not involve integrating current research evidence as in the PICOT approach.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Check his airway. Ensuring a patent airway is the priority in trauma care to maintain oxygenation and ventilation. With the patient unconscious and bleeding profusely, airway obstruction or compromise is a critical concern. By checking the airway first, the nurse can quickly assess and address any immediate threats to the patient's breathing. Stopping the bleeding (choice A) can be addressed once the airway is secured. Taking vital signs (choice B) and finding out what happened from eyewitnesses (choice D) can be important but are secondary to ensuring the patient's airway is clear and unobstructed.