ATI RN
Genitourinary System Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statement by a new nurse teaching a patient with cystitis requires intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because soaking in a tub with bubble bath can exacerbate cystitis symptoms due to potential irritation from the bubble bath chemicals. This can worsen the patient's condition. A, B, and C are correct statements. A promotes proper hydration, B encourages regular emptying of the bladder to prevent bacterial growth, and C suggests a potential remedy for cystitis by consuming cranberry juice.
Question 2 of 5
The patient complains of wetting when she sneezes. How should the nurse document this information?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stress incontinence. This type of incontinence is characterized by leakage of urine when there is increased intra-abdominal pressure, such as during sneezing or coughing. The nurse should document this information as stress incontinence to accurately describe the patient's symptoms. Nocturia (A) refers to waking up at night to urinate, not related to sneezing. Micturition (B) is the act of urination, not specific to the patient's symptoms. Urge incontinence (C) is characterized by a sudden and strong need to urinate, not triggered by sneezing.
Question 3 of 5
A female patient with a UTI has a nursing diagnosis of risk for infection related to lack of knowledge regarding prevention of recurrence. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan instructions for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Drink at least 2 quarts of water every day. This answer is correct because adequate hydration helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of UTI recurrence. Drinking plenty of water promotes frequent urination, which helps to prevent bacteria from multiplying in the bladder. Choice A is incorrect because the frequency of emptying the bladder does not directly impact the prevention of UTI recurrence. Choice C is incorrect as delaying urination can lead to the retention of urine, which may increase the risk of infection. Choice D is incorrect because cleaning the urinary meatus with an antiinfective agent after voiding is not recommended as it can disrupt the natural flora and irritate the area, potentially leading to more infections. In summary, maintaining adequate hydration by drinking at least 2 quarts of water daily is the most effective method to prevent UTI recurrence, while the other choices are less relevant or potentially harmful.
Question 4 of 5
What manifestation in the patient will indicate the need for restriction of dietary protein in management of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Proteinuria. In APSGN, glomerular inflammation leads to impaired filtration, causing loss of protein in urine. Restricting dietary protein helps reduce proteinuria and slows kidney damage. Hematuria (A) is common but not a direct indication for dietary protein restriction. Hypertension (C) may require dietary sodium restriction. Elevated BUN (D) indicates impaired kidney function, but not a direct indication for protein restriction. In summary, in APSGN, proteinuria is the key manifestation necessitating dietary protein restriction to manage kidney damage.
Question 5 of 5
Thirty percent of patients with kidney cancer have metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Why does this occur?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because early metastasis to the brain can impair the patient's ability to recognize the seriousness of symptoms. This can delay diagnosis and treatment, leading to a higher percentage of patients having metastasis at the time of diagnosis. A is incorrect because there are treatment modalities for kidney cancer beyond palliative care. B is incorrect as diagnostic tests like imaging studies can detect tumors before they metastasize. C is incorrect because while classic symptoms may not always be present, other symptoms and diagnostic tests can still lead to an earlier diagnosis.