ATI RN
Health Care Delivery in the United States Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statement best highlights the continuing prevalence of racism in the U.S. health care system?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because work-reporting requirements for Medicaid disproportionately affect minority populations, perpetuating racial disparities in access to healthcare. Choice A is about community engagement, not racism in healthcare. Choice C is about youth employment, not relevant to healthcare racism. Choice D is about community policing, not related to healthcare disparities.
Question 2 of 5
Which environmental condition is a consequence of the redlining of neighborhoods that has negatively affected health outcomes of BIPOC individuals?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Less green space. Redlining historically segregated neighborhoods, leading to disparities in access to resources. Less green space in redlined areas means limited opportunities for physical activity, increased exposure to pollutants, and higher stress levels, all of which contribute to negative health outcomes for BIPOC individuals. A: Decreased urban heat - While redlined neighborhoods may have less vegetation contributing to urban heat island effect, this is not a direct consequence of redlining affecting health outcomes of BIPOC individuals. C: Improved air quality - Redlined areas often experience poorer air quality due to industrial facilities and traffic congestion, which negatively impact health outcomes. Therefore, improved air quality is not a consequence of redlining. D: Increased access to clean water - Redlining does not directly impact access to clean water. This choice is unrelated to the consequences of redlining on health outcomes of BIPOC individuals.
Question 3 of 5
A public health nurse running a cost-free vaccination clinic for COVID-19 in an underserved community notes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Low perceived personal risk for COVID. This choice is correct because individuals in the underserved community may not see COVID-19 as a significant threat to their health, leading to low turnout. Choice A is incorrect because it doesn't address the individuals' perception of personal risk, which is crucial. Choice B, Medicaid expansion, is unrelated to the individuals' perception of COVID risk. Choice D, lack of health insurance, may influence access but doesn't explain the low turnout specifically related to perceived risk.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for four clients in the medical-surgical inpatient unit. One is a Black woman who has been admitted with pancreatitis, another is a White man who has been admitted with acute low back pain, the third is a Black man with pneumonia, and the fourth is a White woman who has been admitted with cholecystitis. The nurse medicates the Black woman with one oral Percocet tab for 8/10 pain, medicates the White man with two oxycodone tabs for 7/10 pain, does not medicate the Black man as he does not have current pain, and medicates the White woman with 2 mg of IV morphine for 8/10 pain. What is this an example of?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Implicit bias. Implicit bias refers to unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect our actions and decisions. In this scenario, the nurse's decision to medicate the Black woman with less potent pain medication compared to the White man with more potent pain medication could be influenced by implicit bias. The nurse may have assumed the Black woman needs less pain relief or may have unconsciously prioritized the White man's pain over hers. This highlights how biases can impact healthcare decisions. Summary: A: Explicit racism is not demonstrated in the scenario as there is no overt discrimination based on race. C: Professional standard of care could be argued, but the unequal treatment based on race suggests bias rather than following professional standards. D: Structural racism involves systemic inequalities, which are not directly evident in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
The community health nurse is working on creating nutrition initiatives for a community with a high incidence of heart disease and diabetes. Which of the following is a driving factor in the persistence of food deserts in areas of the United States?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Structural racism. Structural racism refers to the system in which policies, practices, and norms perpetuate racial inequalities. In the context of food deserts, structural racism leads to unequal access to healthy food options in marginalized communities, contributing to health disparities like heart disease and diabetes. Implicit bias (B) and explicit racism (C) are forms of individual prejudice, which, while harmful, do not fully explain the systemic issue of food deserts. Mass incarceration (D) is related to the criminal justice system and does not directly address the lack of access to nutritious foods in communities affected by structural racism.