ATI RN
Genitourinary System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statement best describes Zidovudine: *
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): 1. Zidovudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) used in the treatment of HIV. 2. Zidovudine is indeed converted by cellular enzymes to its active form, zidovudine diphosphate. 3. Zidovudine diphosphate inhibits the reverse transcriptase enzyme, preventing viral DNA replication in HIV-infected cells. 4. This mechanism of action is crucial in reducing viral load and slowing disease progression in HIV patients. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Incorrect. While Zidovudine is used in combination therapy for HIV, it is not typically an alternative initial treatment. B: Incorrect. Zidovudine can be used to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV, but it is not its primary indication. D: Incorrect. Peripheral neuropathy is not a specific adverse reaction to Zidovudine; rather, it is more commonly associated with
Question 2 of 5
A patient was treated with digoxin and he develop signs and symptoms of * digoxin toxicity caused by furosemide therapy. What did the diuretic most likely do to precipitate the digoxin toxicityy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: caused by hypokalemia. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, can lead to potassium loss (hypokalemia), which can exacerbate digoxin toxicity. Low potassium levels increase the risk of digoxin binding more strongly to cardiac tissue, leading to toxicity symptoms. Hypocalcemia (A) and hyponatremia (B) are not directly related to digoxin toxicity, making them incorrect choices. Choice D is incorrect as hypokalemia is a known risk factor for digoxin toxicity.
Question 3 of 5
A 75 year old man is suffering from benign prostatic hypertrophy and is being * treated with terazosin. Which of the following adverse reaction would be expected taking this drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Orthostatic hypotension. Terazosin is an alpha-1 blocker commonly used to treat BPH. It can cause vasodilation, leading to a drop in blood pressure, especially when standing up suddenly, resulting in orthostatic hypotension. This is because terazosin relaxes smooth muscle in blood vessels, causing dilation and blood pooling in the extremities. Erectile dysfunction (A) is not a common side effect of terazosin. GI distress (C) is less likely because terazosin does not directly affect the gastrointestinal system. Gynecomastia (D) is not a typical side effect of terazosin since it does not impact hormone levels significantly.
Question 4 of 5
Intravenous furosemide is an alternative potent diuretic to Mannitol in the * treatment of the following condition:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Mannitol is typically used for cerebral edema due to its osmotic diuretic properties that reduce intracranial pressure. Furosemide is a loop diuretic commonly used for conditions like pulmonary edema. Therefore, intravenous furosemide is an alternative potent diuretic to Mannitol in the treatment of cerebral edema. Summary: A: Cardiac edema - Loop diuretics like furosemide are commonly used in cardiac edema, not Mannitol. C: Cirrhotic edema - Loop diuretics are used in cirrhotic edema, but Mannitol is not typically indicated. D: Pulmonary edema - Furosemide is commonly used in pulmonary edema, but Mannitol is not indicated for this condition.
Question 5 of 5
Desmopressin reduces urine volume in which of the following condition? *
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Desmopressin reduces urine volume in diabetes insipidus by mimicking the action of vasopressin, which is deficient in this condition. It helps to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to decreased urine output. Central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus are not directly treated with desmopressin as they involve different underlying mechanisms. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer.