ATI RN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statement accurately describes vitamin deficiencies?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because surgery on the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can impair the absorption of essential vitamins leading to deficiencies. This is due to the fact that many vitamins are absorbed in the GI tract, and any alteration or removal of parts of the tract can hinder this process. For example, surgeries like gastric bypass can reduce the absorption of certain vitamins such as B12. Choice A is incorrect because vegan diets can be deficient in various nutrients, not just vitamin B6 and folic acid. Choice B is incorrect because vitamin imbalances are not solely due to excessive fat intake but can also be caused by various factors. Choice D is incorrect because while skin disorders can be a symptom of vitamin deficiencies, they are not the most common clinical manifestation in adults.
Question 2 of 5
What is an accurate description of eosinophilic esophagitis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because eosinophilic esophagitis is characterized by swelling of the esophagus due to an allergic response to food or environmental triggers. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell typically involved in allergic reactions. Adenocarcinoma or squamous cell tumors (choice A) are types of esophageal cancer, not related to eosinophilic esophagitis. Dilated veins in the esophagus from portal hypertension (choice B) are seen in conditions such as cirrhosis, not eosinophilic esophagitis. Inflammation from irritants or gastric reflux (choice C) may cause esophagitis but not specifically eosinophilic esophagitis, which is immune-mediated.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is doing a nursing assessment on a patient with chronic constipation. What data obtained during the interview may be a factor contributing to the constipation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Suppressing the urge to defecate while at work. This behavior can lead to chronic constipation as it disrupts the natural bowel movement process. By holding in the urge to defecate, the stool can become harder and more difficult to pass, leading to constipation. A: Taking methylcellulose daily is a form of fiber supplement that can actually help alleviate constipation by adding bulk to the stool and promoting regular bowel movements. B: History of hemorrhoids and hypertension may be relevant to the patient's health but are not direct contributors to constipation. C: High dietary fiber with high fluid intake is actually beneficial in preventing constipation by promoting healthy bowel movements.
Question 4 of 5
During a routine screening colonoscopy on a 56-year-old patient, a rectosigmoidal polyp was identified and remove The patient asks the nurse if his risk for colon cancer is increased because of the polyp. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Choice C is correct because it acknowledges that all polyps are abnormal and should be removed, but the risk for cancer depends on the type and presence of malignant changes. 2. This response is accurate as not all polyps become cancerous, and the risk varies depending on the specific characteristics of the polyp. 3. It also emphasizes the importance of removing polyps and monitoring for any signs of malignancy, aligning with best practice guidelines for colon cancer prevention. 4. In contrast, choices A, B, and D provide misleading information by either downplaying or exaggerating the risk associated with polyps, which can lead to unnecessary anxiety or complacency in the patient.
Question 5 of 5
The patient returned from a 6-week mission trip to Somalia with complaints of nausea, malaise, fatigue, and achy muscles. Which type of hepatitis is this patient most likely to have contracted?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hepatitis E (HEV). The patient's symptoms of nausea, malaise, fatigue, and muscle aches are consistent with acute hepatitis, and HEV is commonly transmitted through contaminated water in developing countries like Somalia. Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are more commonly transmitted through blood or body fluids. Hepatitis D (HDV) requires HBV for replication, making it less likely in this case. In summary, based on the patient's symptoms and travel history, Hepatitis E (HEV) is the most likely cause of the illness.