ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statement about the spinal cord is false:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The lumbosacral enlargement of the spinal cord is called the conus medullaris , which is false. The lumbosacral enlargement (L1-S3) is a widened region of the spinal cord for lower limb innervation, while the conus medullaris is the tapered end of the cord, typically at L1-L2. Choice A is true (8 cervical segments exist). Choice C is correct (somatic motor neuron cell bodiare in the ventral horn). Choice D is accurate (5 pairs of sacral nerves). Thus, B misnamthe lumbosacral enlargement as the conus medullaris, making it the false statement and the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
A patient presents with lower back pain that radiatto the back of his thigh. He is unable to stand on his heels and reports abnormal sensations across the anterolateral aspect of his leg. MRI scans confirm the diagnosis of a herniated disc. The most likely affected nerve root emergfrom the vertebral column directly:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: above vertebra S1 . The symptoms pain radiating to the posterior thigh, inability to stand on heels (weak dorsiflexion), and anterolateral leg sensation suggest L5 nerve root involvement, typical of an L4-L5 disc herniation. The L5 root exits above the S1 vertebra (below L5). Choice A (under L4) affects L4, impacting knee jerk. Choice B (above L4) affects L3, not matching symptoms. Choice C (above L5) affects L4, not L5. Thus, L5 exiting above S1 fits the clinical picture, making D correct.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following structuris responsible for the interpretation of the emotional aspect of Pain:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cingulate gyrus . The cingulate gyrus, part of the limbic system, processthe emotional and motivational aspects of pain, integrating sensory input with affective responses. Choice A (occipital lobe) is incorrect as it handlvision. Choice C (insula) contributto pain perception and autonomic responses, but not primarily emotion. Choice D (midbrain) modulatpain via the periaqueductal gray, not emotional interpretation. Thus, B identifithe cingulate gyrus as the key structure for pains emotional aspect, making it correct.
Question 4 of 5
Consider the sensory pathways for the following two sensations: Discriminative touch sensations from the left foot, Heat sensations from the right leg. Choose the correct statement:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A right hemisection in the spinal cord at the level of the C4 segment would spare (preserve) both sensations . Discriminative touch (left foot) travels via the dorsal column (ipsilateral, left side) and decussatin the medulla, while heat (right leg) crossimmediately via the spinothalamic tract to the left side. A right C4 hemisection sparleft-sided dorsal column (touch) and already-crossed left-sided spinothalamic (heat) fibers. Choice A is wrong (touch ascends left, heat left). Choice B is false (heat synapsin spinal cord, not gracilis). Choice C is incorrect (both go to parietal lobe, not frontal). Thus, D is correct.
Question 5 of 5
The dorsolateral tract of Lissauer carries:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: pain and temperature . The dorsolateral tract of Lissauer is a small bundle of fibers in the spinal cord where first-order pain and temperature axons (from dorsal root ganglia) travel briefly before synapsing in the dorsal horn (e.g., substantia gelatinosa). These then cross to the lateral spinothalamic tract. Choice B (simple touch) and C (discriminative touch) are carried by dorsal columns. Choice D (conscious proprioception) is via dorsal columns too. Thus, A accurately describLissauers role, making it correct.