Which statement about Salmonella made in a class about disease prevention indicates that additional teaching is needed?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because Salmonella is not typically spread through blood exposure. Step 1: Salmonella is primarily transmitted through contaminated food or water. Step 2: Person-to-person contact and carrier animals are known modes of transmission. Step 3: Outbreaks are commonly linked to contaminated meat, poultry, and eggs. In contrast, spreading through blood is not a significant route of transmission for Salmonella. Other choices are incorrect because they align with established knowledge about Salmonella transmission.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because developing a wellness program falls under the second phase of the community health nursing process, which is planning. In this phase, the nurse uses the assessment data to identify the needs of the community and plans interventions to address those needs. Assessing cultural norms (A) is part of the assessment phase, determining needs (B) is part of the planning phase, and supervising a fitness class (D) is part of the implementation phase. Therefore, C is the correct answer as it aligns with the planning phase of the community health nursing process.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nurse entrepreneurs. Nurse entrepreneurs are community health nursing practice areas that often receive funding from the private sector through investments, grants, or business partnerships. Nurse entrepreneurs establish their own businesses to provide healthcare services, products, or solutions, which require financial support from private entities. Telenurses (A), Corrections nurses (B), and Street or outreach nurses (D) typically receive funding from public sources, such as government agencies or nonprofit organizations, rather than the private sector.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Developing a communication strategy involves acquiring skills in communication planning, implementation, and evaluation. 2. Skill development is crucial for effectively communicating with community members and keeping them informed. 3. This directly contributes to enhancing the capacity of the community to engage and participate. 4. Partnership building, documenting progress, and establishing planning teams are important but not directly related to communication skills development. Summary: A) Skill development is correct as it directly relates to communication strategy. B) Partnership building focuses on collaborating with other organizations. C) Documentation of progress involves tracking and reporting outcomes. D) Establishing a planning team group is about organizing and coordinating efforts.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Choice C: The most appropriate objective for community health nursing is to ensure a high immunization rate among children to prevent the spread of diseases. Immunization is a crucial public health intervention that protects individuals and the community. Achieving a high immunization rate, such as 95%, by age 1 is a specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goal that aligns with the core purpose of community health nursing. Rationale for why other choices are incorrect: A: This objective is not appropriate for community health nursing as it focuses on a specific medical intervention rather than a population-level public health goal. B: While nutrition counseling is important, this objective is not as critical for community health nursing as ensuring high immunization rates among children. D: This objective is vague and does not directly address a specific health issue or population group, making it less relevant for community health nursing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Failure to consider client and contextual differences. In this scenario, the CHN implemented a program based on previous research showing improved retention using computer games. However, the negative outcome suggests that the older persons in this community have unique needs or preferences that were not accounted for. This failure to consider client and contextual differences likely led to the poor outcome. Choice B is incorrect because it assumes the evidence was not incorporated adequately, but the problem lies in not considering the specific needs of the older persons. Choice C is incorrect as the quality of research evidence was not the issue. Choice D is incorrect because the CHN's lack of skills in evaluating evidence does not directly explain the poor outcome; rather, it was the failure to consider client and contextual differences that led to the result.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Poverty. Poverty is a primary cause of vulnerability because it limits access to resources essential for well-being, such as healthcare, education, and housing. It can lead to food insecurity, inadequate living conditions, and lack of social support. This makes individuals more susceptible to various risks and challenges. Explanation for other choices: A: Breakdown of family structures - While family breakdown can contribute to vulnerability, it is not as universally prevalent or directly impactful as poverty in causing vulnerability. C: Prejudice - Prejudice can certainly exacerbate vulnerability by creating social barriers, but it is not the primary cause of vulnerability. D: Social isolation - Social isolation can increase vulnerability, but it is often a consequence of underlying factors such as poverty rather than the primary cause.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, monitoring for signs and symptoms of depression. This is crucial in preventing depression in older persons as early detection allows for timely intervention. Choice A is incorrect as isolation in a nursing home may worsen depression. Choice C is not specific enough to target high-risk individuals. Choice D, while positive, doesn't address the need for active monitoring and intervention. Therefore, choice B is the best option for preventive action.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because Salmonella is not typically spread through blood exposure. Step 1: Salmonella is primarily transmitted through contaminated food or water. Step 2: Person-to-person contact and carrier animals are known modes of transmission. Step 3: Outbreaks are commonly linked to contaminated meat, poultry, and eggs. In contrast, spreading through blood is not a significant route of transmission for Salmonella. Other choices are incorrect because they align with established knowledge about Salmonella transmission.