Which statement about absorption from the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract is most correct?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the absorption of glucose is indeed associated with sodium uptake. This process occurs through the sodium-glucose cotransporter located on the apical membrane of the enterocytes in the small intestine. Sodium acts as a co-transporter, helping to facilitate the absorption of glucose. This mechanism is crucial for efficient absorption of glucose in the GI tract. Choice B is incorrect as glucose is actually absorbed more rapidly than fructose due to differences in transport mechanisms. Choice C is incorrect since galactose and fructose are absorbed by different transporters at the brush border membrane. Choice D is also incorrect because the majority of water absorption occurs in the small intestine, not the colon.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because during moderate exercise, your body primarily relies on glycogen stores, not protein stores, for energy. Protein is not a preferred energy source during exercise as it is mainly used for structural and enzymatic functions. Muscle glycogen, muscle triglycerides, and plasma fatty acids are the main sources of energy at 65% VO2 max. Low-intensity exercise primarily utilizes fatty acids from plasma. Blood glucose stores can be depleted within about 15 minutes of very intense exercise due to high energy demands. Thus, choice C is false as protein stores are not the biggest energy source during moderate exercise.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A - Assess for bowel sounds. Rationale: 1. Assessing for bowel sounds is the initial step to ensure proper placement before administering enteral feeding. 2. Bowel sounds indicate the tube is in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing the risk of aspiration. 3. This step precedes tube placement confirmation (auscultation and pH check), flushing, and reflushing. Summary: - Auscultating tube placement and checking pH (B) should follow assessing bowel sounds. - Flushing the tube with water (C) and reflushing (D) occur after confirming proper tube placement.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Advancing the diet slowly. This helps the client gradually build tolerance for fluids and foods, reducing the likelihood of exacerbating nausea and vomiting. Advancing the diet slowly allows the digestive system to adjust and minimizes gastrointestinal distress. Choice B (Discouraging caffeinated or carbonated beverages) can help reduce gastric irritation but does not directly address developing tolerance for fluids and foods. Choice C (Recommending commercial over-the-counter beverages) is not specific to helping the client develop tolerance. Choice D (Replacing dietary fat with MCTs) may be beneficial for some clients, but it does not directly address the client's ability to tolerate fluids and foods.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer oxygen throughout the seizure. Oxygen administration is crucial during a seizure to maintain oxygenation and prevent hypoxia. Hypoxia can exacerbate brain damage in clients experiencing seizures. Administering oxygen helps ensure adequate oxygen supply to the brain and other vital organs, reducing the risk of injury. A: Initiate precautions by restraining the client - Restraint can increase the risk of injury and worsen the seizure. B: Observe the client throughout the seizure - While important, simply observing the client does not actively prevent injury during the seizure. D: Administer an analgesic during the seizure - Analgesics are not indicated during a seizure and may not address the risk for injury. Administering oxygen is the most appropriate intervention to minimize the risk for injury during a seizure in a client with pancreatitis and alcohol withdrawal.