ATI RN
Pharmacology Practice Exam A ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which solution should the nurse administer with packed red blood cells?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When administering packed red blood cells, it is important to use a compatible solution. The preferred solution to administer with packed red blood cells is 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) because it is isotonic and compatible with red blood cells. Using an isotonic solution like 0.9% sodium chloride helps to prevent hemolysis of the red blood cells and maintains their integrity during administration. Lactated Ringer's solution, D5W, and 0.45% sodium chloride are not recommended for administering packed red blood cells because they can cause hemolysis due to their hypotonic or hypertonic nature.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following statements regarding colloid administration does the nurse identify as being true?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The statement "Dextran therapy can cause anaphylaxis or renal failure" is true. Dextran is a type of colloid solution that can cause allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis in some individuals. It can also lead to kidney damage, which is why monitoring for signs of renal failure is crucial when administering Dextran. As a result of these potential risks, dextran therapy should be used cautiously and patients should be closely monitored for adverse reactions.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with coronary artery disease asks the nurse about the good cholesterol laboratory values. The nurse knows that good cholesterol refers to which lipids?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: HDLs are commonly referred to as the "good cholesterol" because they help remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transport it to the liver for excretion. High levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery disease. Monitoring HDL levels is important in assessing cardiovascular health. Triglycerides, LDLs, and VLDLs do not qualify as "good cholesterol" and are actually associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease when elevated.
Question 4 of 5
What medication is a contraindication to Nitroglycerin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erectile dysfunction drugs, such as Viagra (sildenafil), Cialis (tadalafil), and Levitra (vardenafil), are contraindicated with nitroglycerin. Both nitroglycerin and erectile dysfunction drugs can cause a sudden decrease in blood pressure when taken together, leading to a serious drop in blood pressure. This could result in dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, and even potentially life-threatening complications like a heart attack or stroke. Therefore, it is crucial to avoid the combination of nitroglycerin with erectile dysfunction medications to prevent these adverse effects.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of overdosage of aspirin. The nurse suspects which of the following can be an early sign of aspirin toxicity?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, can be an early sign of aspirin toxicity. Aspirin poisoning can lead to salicylate toxicity, which can manifest with various symptoms including tinnitus, along with hyperventilation, nausea, vomiting, and metabolic acidosis. Monitoring for tinnitus is crucial as an early indicator of potential aspirin overdose in clients. Unsteady gait, drowsiness, and confusion are also symptoms of aspirin toxicity but typically develop after tinnitus in the progression of toxicity.