Which single statement about fat digestion and absorption is correct?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer D (Triglycerides must be emulsified and digested before fatty acids can be transported): 1. Triglycerides are large molecules that cannot be directly absorbed by the intestinal cells. 2. Emulsification breaks down triglycerides into smaller droplets, increasing the surface area for enzyme action. 3. Enzymatic digestion of triglycerides by lipases results in the release of fatty acids and monoglycerides. 4. These breakdown products are then absorbed by enterocytes in the small intestine. Summary of Why Other Choices are Incorrect: A: FABP and FAT/CD36 proteins are involved in fatty acid transport, not triglyceride digestion. B: Both medium and long-chain triglycerides are absorbed into the lymphatic system via chylomicrons. C: While mixed micelles aid in lipid absorption, they are not essential for the initial digestion of triglycerides.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: it is converted into fat. Excess glucose not needed for immediate energy or stored as glycogen is converted into fat through a process called de novo lipogenesis in the liver. This occurs when glucose levels are high and glycogen stores are full. The liver converts the excess glucose into fatty acids and then into triglycerides for storage in adipose tissue. This process helps regulate blood glucose levels and prevents hyperglycemia. Other choices are incorrect: B: Glucose is not directly converted into protein. Proteins are synthesized from amino acids, not glucose. C: Releasing excess glucose back into the bloodstream would lead to high blood sugar levels, which is not a typical physiological response. D: Glucose is not simply degraded; it is either used for energy, stored as glycogen, or converted into fat when in excess.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assist the client to the bedpan or toilet 30 minutes after meals. This intervention is appropriate as it aligns with the natural physiological process of bowel movements after meals, increasing the likelihood of successful evacuation. This timing can help establish a routine and promote regular bowel movements, potentially reducing episodes of fecal incontinence. Choice A is incorrect because administering a glycerin suppository may not address the underlying cause of fecal incontinence and may not promote regular bowel movements. Choice B is incorrect as inserting a rectal tube is an invasive intervention that should only be considered after less invasive methods have been exhausted. Choice D is incorrect as using incontinence briefs or adult-sized diapers only manages the symptoms without addressing the root cause or promoting bowel regularity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: History of coagulation studies. This is because coagulation studies assess the client's ability to form blood clots, which is crucial for a percutaneous liver biopsy to prevent excessive bleeding. It helps determine the risk of bleeding complications during the procedure. Choice B, Allergy to iodine, is incorrect because an allergy to iodine is more relevant in procedures involving contrast media, not typically in percutaneous liver biopsies. Choice C, Family history of GI disorders, is incorrect as it does not directly impact the client's safety or outcome during a percutaneous liver biopsy. Choice D, Presence of radioactive material in the work environment, is also incorrect as it is not directly related to the procedure or its implications on the client's safety during a percutaneous liver biopsy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Teach the client how to apply ice. Applying ice helps reduce inflammation and pain associated with anal fissures. It constricts blood vessels, decreases blood flow, and numbs the area, promoting healing. A: Teaching strategies to relieve diarrhea is not directly related to managing anal fissures. B: Instructing the client to not eat any fiber is incorrect because fiber helps soften stools and prevent constipation, which can worsen anal fissures. C: Teaching the client how to insert a suppository may not be necessary for managing anal fissures unless prescribed by a healthcare provider for specific reasons.