Which significant public health policy introduced in the 1960s focused on providing health insurance for elderly Americans?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: The Medicare Act. This policy, introduced in the 1960s, specifically aimed to provide health insurance for elderly Americans aged 65 and older. Medicare is a federal program that helps cover healthcare costs for this demographic. A: The Social Security Act primarily focused on providing financial assistance to retirees and the disabled, not health insurance for the elderly. B: The Medicaid Act was introduced in the 1960s as well, but it provides health coverage for low-income individuals of all ages, not just the elderly. D: The Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare, was signed into law in 2010 and aimed to increase access to healthcare for all Americans, not specifically targeting the elderly population in the 1960s.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Future of Public Health Report. This report released by the Institute of Medicine in 1988 outlined the need for a comprehensive overhaul of the public health system in the United States. It emphasized the importance of shifting focus from individual health care to population health, promoting prevention, and addressing social determinants of health. Choice B: The National Health Policy Report is incorrect as it does not specifically address reform in the public health system. Choice C: The U.S. Health Reform Report is incorrect as it is a generic term and doesn't refer to a specific report by the Institute of Medicine calling for reform in the public health system. Choice D: The Healthy People 2000 Report is incorrect as it is a different report focusing on national health objectives and not specifically on reforming the public health system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Public health nursing is known for its autonomy and independence. In many instances, there are limited other health care professionals and staff with whom to interact. In-patient acute care nurses focus on acute care with outcomes known fairly quickly (B). Acute care nurses collaborate frequently with other health care professionals (C). Depending on the position there may be more flexibility, but typically public health nurses do not receive higher wages (D).

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Care became inadequate because of the social changes in Europe, with great advances in transportation, communication, and other technologies. The increased mobility led to migration and urbanization, which in turn led to increased need for care. The Industrial Revolution was not a time of economic/political unrest (A) or plagues (B), and caregivers were typically untrained, not demanding pay (D).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Threat of disease, especially yellow fever, led to public interest in establishing government-sponsored boards of health. The focus was on public health for all, not just the poor (B), funding (C), or records (D), though these were secondary benefits.