ATI RN
Psychotherapeutic Drugs Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which sign(s) and symptom(s) may occur in neuroleptic malignant syndrome? (Select one that does not apply..)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is A) Bradycardia. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but serious reaction to antipsychotic medications. One of the hallmark signs of NMS is autonomic instability, which can manifest as fluctuations in blood pressure and heart rate. Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is commonly seen in NMS due to the dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system. Option B) Hypertension is incorrect because NMS typically presents with autonomic instability leading to both hypo- and hypertension. However, hypertension is less common compared to hypotension in NMS. Option C) Severe extrapyramidal symptoms is incorrect because this is a characteristic of extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic medications, such as acute dystonia, akathisia, and Parkinsonism, but not specific to NMS. Option D) Alterations in consciousness is incorrect because altered mental status is a common feature of NMS, often presenting as confusion, delirium, or stupor, rather than specifically indicating alterations in consciousness. Educationally, understanding the signs and symptoms of NMS is crucial for healthcare providers, especially those prescribing or administering psychotherapeutic drugs. Recognizing these symptoms promptly is essential for early intervention and management of this potentially life-threatening condition. This knowledge can help prevent delays in treatment and improve patient outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
A patient admitted to a psychiatric facility is hallucinating, pacing, and acting highly suspicious. Based on this information, the nurse will take which action(s)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nursing interventions for patients with psychosis must be individualized and based on patient assessment data. The nurse should be open and direct when handling patients who are highly suspicious. High-protein, high-calorie foods are appropriate for the individual to eat while pacing or highly active. If physical restraints are necessary, they should be the least restrictive possible for the circumstances. Interactions should be minimized when perceptions are altered. Hallucinations should not be reinforced.
Question 3 of 5
The psychiatric nurse is educating an elderly patient and family about antipsychotic drug therapy. When providing this education, the nurse will include which statement(s)? (Select one that does not apply..)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rapid increases in dosages of antipsychotic medication will not reduce the antipsychotic response time but will increase the frequency of adverse effects. Tardive dyskinesia may be reversible in early stages, but it becomes irreversible with continued use of the antipsychotic medication. Reduction in hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorders often requires 6 to 8 weeks for a full therapeutic response to be achieved. Older patients should be observed for hypotension.
Question 4 of 5
During client teaching, the nurse must inform the client prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) to not expect to see a difference in mood or anxiety level for up to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of psychotherapeutic drugs, particularly tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), it is crucial for nurses to educate clients on the expected timeline for the medication to take effect. The correct answer, option B) 2 to 3 weeks, is based on the pharmacokinetics of TCAs. TCAs work by increasing the levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain, which takes time to achieve a therapeutic effect on mood and anxiety levels. It often requires 2 to 3 weeks of consistent use for clients to start experiencing improvements in their symptoms. Option A) 5 days is incorrect because TCAs typically do not produce immediate effects due to their mechanism of action. Option C) 4 to 5 weeks and option D) 6 weeks are also incorrect as they overestimate the time it takes for TCAs to show therapeutic benefits. Providing this information to clients helps manage their expectations and promotes medication adherence. In an educational context, understanding the timeline of action for psychotherapeutic drugs is essential for nursing practice. By explaining to clients the delayed onset of action for TCAs, nurses can enhance medication compliance and prevent premature discontinuation due to perceived lack of effectiveness. This educational rationale equips nurses with the knowledge to effectively communicate with clients about their treatment plans and manage expectations regarding the timeline for therapeutic outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
A male client with the diagnosis of depression is taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which is the most important teaching point the nurse must include in his care plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Avoid alcoholic beverages. The most crucial teaching point for a client taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) like this male client is to avoid consuming alcoholic beverages. MAOIs can interact with alcohol, leading to a dangerous rise in blood pressure known as a hypertensive crisis. This interaction can be life-threatening and must be strictly avoided. Option A) Avoid foods high in sodium content is not the most important teaching point in this case, although dietary restrictions are essential for clients taking MAOIs, focusing on alcohol restriction takes precedence due to the serious health risks associated with the interaction. Option C) Ensure that protein intake is 60 grams per day and Option D) Take a potassium supplement are not directly related to the specific risks associated with MAOIs and alcohol interaction. While dietary considerations are important in general, they are not as critical as avoiding alcohol in this context. In an educational context, it is vital for nurses and healthcare professionals to understand the specific considerations when administering psychotherapeutic drugs like MAOIs. Teaching points should be prioritized based on the potential risks and interactions to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes. Understanding the rationale behind these teaching points helps in providing holistic care to clients and preventing adverse events.