ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Med Surg 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which season would be most associated with increased periods of wakefulness in the general population?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Summer. During summer, longer daylight hours and increased sunlight exposure can disrupt the body's natural sleep-wake cycle, leading to more wakefulness. Sunlight also suppresses the production of melatonin, the hormone that regulates sleep. This disruption in melatonin levels can result in difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep. In contrast, winter (B) typically has shorter daylight hours and colder temperatures, encouraging more indoor activities and potentially more restful sleep. Spring (C) and Fall (D) do not have the same level of prolonged daylight exposure as summer, making them less likely to be associated with increased periods of wakefulness.
Question 2 of 5
A patient reports, The medicine prescribed to help me get to sleep worked well for about a month, but I don't have any more of those pills. Now my insomnia is worse than ever. I had nightmares the last 2 nights. Which type of medication did the health care provider most likely prescribe?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Benzodiazepine. Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed for short-term treatment of insomnia due to their sedative effects. The patient's initial positive response to the medication indicates it was likely a sedative-hypnotic drug like a benzodiazepine. The worsening insomnia and nightmares after discontinuation suggest withdrawal symptoms commonly seen with benzodiazepines. Tricyclic antidepressants (B) and conventional antipsychotics (C) are not typically used as first-line treatments for insomnia. Central nervous system stimulants (D) would exacerbate insomnia rather than improve sleep.
Question 3 of 5
A young adult says to the nurse, I go to sleep without any problem, but I often wake up during the night because it feels like there are rubber bands in my legs. Which assessment question should the nurse ask to assess for restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Does anyone else in your family have this problem?" This question is crucial for assessing restless legs syndrome (RLS) because RLS can have a genetic component. By asking if anyone else in the family has experienced similar symptoms, the nurse can determine if there is a familial pattern of RLS, which can help in diagnosing and managing the condition. A: "What type of birth control do you use?" This question is unrelated to RLS and does not provide relevant information for assessing the client's symptoms. B: "How much caffeine do you use every day?" While caffeine consumption can potentially impact sleep, it is not directly related to RLS symptoms involving sensations of rubber bands in the legs. C: "How much exercise do you get in a typical day?" While exercise can influence sleep patterns, it is not a key assessment question for RLS specifically.
Question 4 of 5
A 16-year-old diagnosed with a conduct disorder (CD) has been in a residential program for 3 months. Which outcome should occur before discharge?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Before discharge, creating a behavioral contract with rules, rewards, and consequences is crucial for maintaining progress made in the residential program. This helps the adolescent and parents establish clear expectations and boundaries, promoting consistency and accountability. Choice B is incorrect because although having positive influences is important, it is not a specific outcome that must be achieved before discharge. Choice C is incorrect as it involves temporary placement with a foster family, which may not be necessary if the adolescent and parents can work together effectively. Choice D is incorrect as it sets an unrealistic and arbitrary expectation of experiencing no anger or frustration for a week, which may not be achievable or sustainable.
Question 5 of 5
An adolescent was arrested for prostitution and assault on a parent. The adolescent says, 'I hate my parents. They focus all attention on my brother, who's perfect in their eyes.' Which nursing diagnosis is most applicable?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Defensive coping related to inappropriate methods of seeking parental attention as evidenced by acting out. This is the most applicable nursing diagnosis because the adolescent is using inappropriate methods (prostitution and assault) to seek attention due to feeling neglected by their parents. The adolescent's behavior is a manifestation of coping with their perceived lack of attention from their parents. A: Disturbed personal identity is incorrect because the primary issue is not related to personal identity but rather seeking attention. B: Hopelessness related to achievement of role identity is incorrect because the main issue is not feeling unloved but seeking attention through negative behaviors. D: Impaired parenting related to inequitable feelings toward children is incorrect as it focuses on the parents' behavior rather than the adolescent's coping mechanism.