Which scenario provides an example of a normative event that can increase the risk for illness?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because experimenting with recreational drugs is a normative event that can increase the risk for illness due to potential physical and mental health consequences. It involves a deliberate choice that has direct negative health impacts. In contrast, choices A, C, and D are not normative events that inherently increase the risk for illness. A motor vehicle accident and job loss are unpredictable events with potential negative consequences, but they are not normative in nature. Pregnancy is a natural life event that does not inherently increase the risk for illness unless there are specific complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B can be prevented through immunization with a vaccine. The vaccine provides long-term protection against the virus. Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and herpes are STIs that cannot be prevented through immunization. They are primarily transmitted through sexual contact and require other prevention methods such as safe sex practices and regular testing. Hepatitis B is the only STI in the list that has a vaccine available for prevention.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the main achievement of the Community Health Nurses Association of Canada (CHNAC) was the development of national standards of practice. This achievement is significant as it ensures consistency and quality in the practice of community health nursing across Canada. Choice A is incorrect because the inclusion of LPNs alongside RNs is not the main achievement of CHNAC. Choice B is also incorrect as it simply encourages nurses who are not PHNs to join, which is not the primary accomplishment of the association. Choice D is incorrect as the development of a process to choose leaders and officers is not the main focus or achievement of CHNAC.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. This action falls under primary prevention because it aims to prevent the occurrence of type 2 diabetes in Indigenous peoples by promoting healthy eating habits through culturally sensitive foods. By incorporating familiar and healthy dishes into the nutrition class, the community health nurse is focusing on preventing the development of the disease before it occurs. This approach addresses the underlying risk factors for diabetes, such as poor diet, in a proactive manner. Summary of other choices: B: Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of a disease to prevent complications. This action does not focus on early detection but rather on prevention. C: Tertiary prevention focuses on managing complications and improving quality of life for those already diagnosed with a disease. This action is aimed at preventing diabetes rather than managing its complications. D: This action is primarily focused on preventing the occurrence of type 2 diabetes before it develops, making it more aligned with primary prevention than secondary prevention.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because seeking guidance from the supervisor is a step toward resolving the ethical dilemma, but the ultimate responsibility still lies with the CHN. Letting the supervisor decide does not absolve the CHN of accountability for the choice made. This option allows for further discussion and reflection, ensuring that the CHN remains engaged in the decision-making process. Choice A is incorrect because the supervisor is not solely responsible for the CHN's choices; the CHN must still take ownership of the decision. Choice B is incorrect as it assumes the supervisor has all the answers, overlooking the importance of the CHN's own critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Choice D is also incorrect as community priorities do not necessarily align with ethical decision-making in this context.