Which scenario exemplifies the occupational health nurse's practice of primary prevention to improve health outcomes from environmental health risks?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because teaching new employees about signs and symptoms of heat-related illness is an example of primary prevention. This scenario aims to prevent heat-related illnesses before they occur by educating employees on how to recognize and avoid such risks. Choice A is incorrect as it involves detection, not prevention. Choice B is incorrect as it is a form of secondary prevention by treating an already occurred event. Choice D is incorrect as it involves early detection rather than prevention of lung diseases.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The determinants of health. This is the appropriate starting point for applying a population health approach because it focuses on the underlying factors influencing health outcomes at a population level. By addressing social, economic, environmental, and behavioral determinants, interventions can be targeted effectively to improve overall health outcomes. Choice A (Emergency life-saving care) is not the best starting point for a population health approach as it addresses immediate, individual-level health needs rather than the broader population. Choice C (Health promotion models) is important but typically comes after understanding the determinants of health. Choice D (Risk management) is relevant but focuses more on individual risk factors rather than the broader population perspective.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Local and regional boards of health. Local inspections of restaurants are typically conducted by local health departments or boards of health, as they are responsible for ensuring compliance with food safety regulations at the local level. These boards have the authority and expertise to inspect food establishments within their jurisdiction. Choice B (Environment Canada) is incorrect as they focus on environmental protection, not food safety inspections. Choice C (Provincial/territorial Ministry of Labour) is incorrect as their focus is on labor-related issues, not food safety inspections. Choice D (Health Canada) is incorrect as they oversee national health regulations, not local restaurant inspections.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because determining the needs of the community is the initial phase of the community health nursing process. This involves conducting assessments to identify the health issues, concerns, and priorities of the population served. This step is crucial for planning targeted interventions. A: Participating in a health promotion lecture is an activity that may come after the assessment phase to educate the community. C: Developing a 6-week wellness program would typically occur in the planning phase, after the assessment of community needs. D: Supervising a fitness class at the local YWCA or YMCA is more related to the implementation phase, following the assessment and planning stages.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates a misunderstanding of the concept of pastoral care. Pastoral care involves providing emotional and spiritual support, which can be done by anyone, not just a pastor. The other choices correctly reflect aspects of pastoral care by emphasizing spiritual strengths, focusing on the spiritual dimension of nursing, and providing support during various life situations. Therefore, involving only the pastor in ministering to the congregation limits the understanding of pastoral care to a specific role, rather than recognizing it as a holistic approach to supporting individuals in their spiritual and emotional needs.