Which represents a correct grouping with respect to the target of an immune response, immune response strength, and resulting health status?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Tumor antigens are non-self antigens that trigger a weak immune response due to immune tolerance. 2. Weak immune response against tumor antigens may lead to uncontrolled cell growth, resulting in cancer. 3. Strong immune responses are typically mounted against pathogens to clear infections. 4. Self-antigens should not trigger immune responses to prevent autoimmune diseases. 5. Transplanted organs can elicit strong immune responses leading to rejection, not acceptance. Summary: A - Incorrect: Self-antigens should not elicit immune responses to prevent autoimmune diseases. B - Incorrect: Pathogens typically trigger strong immune responses to clear infections, not recurrent ones. D - Incorrect: Transplanted organs often lead to strong immune responses and rejection, not acceptance.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Affinity maturation is the process where B cells produce antibodies with increased affinity for the antigen over time. 2. B cells whose antibodies bind the antigen more strongly have higher affinity. 3. Survival of B cells with higher affinity antibodies is crucial for effective immune response. 4. A is incorrect as rate of antibody secretion doesn't necessarily correlate with affinity. 5. C is incorrect as T cells are not directly involved in affinity maturation of antibodies. 6. D is incorrect since T cells are not affected by affinity maturation in the context of this question.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because monoclonal antibodies have the ability to block the proliferation of cancer cells by targeting specific antigens on the cancer cells. They can also target cancer cells for destruction through various mechanisms such as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Additionally, monoclonal antibodies can inhibit inflammatory immune responses by neutralizing pro-inflammatory mediators or blocking immune cell activation pathways. Therefore, all the options A, B, and C are correct, making D the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Hybridoma is a cell line formed by the fusion of a B cell (producing a specific antibody) and a myeloma cell. 2. Choice C is correct because hybridomas can be immortalized and cultured indefinitely. 3. Choice A is incorrect because hybridomas produce monoclonal antibodies, not polyclonal antibodies. 4. Choice B is incorrect because hybridomas are formed from a single B cell and a myeloma cell, not two antigen-activated B cells. 5. Choice D is incorrect as only option C accurately describes a hybridoma's characteristic of indefinite tissue culture survival.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because CD8+ T cells are not responsible for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. A is correct as CD8+ T cells differentiate into cytotoxic T cells. B is correct as CD8+ T cells recognize peptide antigens with MHC molecules. C is correct as CD8+ T cells are vital in defense against intracellular pathogens. D is incorrect as CD8+ T cells do not mediate cell cytotoxicity through antibodies.