Which public health service best represents secondary prevention?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because starting a rehabilitation clinic for middle-aged adults residing in low-income housing represents secondary prevention. Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat health conditions early to prevent progression and complications. In this case, the rehabilitation clinic would provide services to address existing health issues and prevent further deterioration. A: Administering the influenza vaccine is an example of primary prevention, aimed at preventing the onset of disease. B: Initiating an infant car seat safety screening program is an example of primary prevention, focused on preventing injuries. D: Setting up a support group for teenage mothers is more of a tertiary prevention approach, which aims to manage and minimize the impact of existing health conditions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because religious orders were the first to establish hospitals with the primary purpose of caring for the sick, poor, and neglected. They viewed it as a moral duty to provide healthcare and humanitarian aid. This aligns with the historical development of hospitals, where institutions such as monasteries and religious orders played a crucial role in providing medical care and shelter to those in need. A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the historical context of the establishment of hospitals. Feudal lords did not create hospitals to keep their workers productive, small towns did not establish hospitals solely for their citizens, and the military did not primarily set up hospitals to ensure soldiers could continue fighting. These choices lack the humanitarian and altruistic motives that drove religious orders to pioneer the concept of hospitals.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it accurately describes the transition of public health nurses (PHNs) from working in specialized areas to becoming generalists. PHNs did not provide bedside nursing care in the home like community health nurses or visiting nurses. Therefore, choice A reflects this shift in responsibilities for PHNs. Choice B is incorrect because it provides unrelated information about cognitive level and safe and effective care environment, which is not relevant to the question. Choices C and D are blank, so they do not contribute any information or rationale to address the question.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The rationale behind this answer is that using Public Health Nurses (PHNs) to keep workers healthier would increase worker productivity. This argument is logical because healthier workers are more productive, leading to better outcomes for the company. Choice A is incorrect because the decision was likely more influenced by practical considerations rather than moral reasoning. Choice B is incorrect because the focus was on the benefits to the company's workers, not just on cost savings. Choice C is incorrect because while increasing morale among workers is important, the primary focus was on improving worker health and productivity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the question is asking about the most rapidly growing area of home care. By choosing option A, "Safe and Effective Care Environment," it indicates a focus on providing quality care in a safe setting at home, which aligns with the increasing trend of individuals preferring home-based care services. Other choices lack specificity or relevance to the growth of home care, making them incorrect.