ATI RN
History of Public Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which public health law, passed in 1970, aimed to reduce environmental health hazards in the United States?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). OSHA was passed in 1970 to ensure safe and healthy working conditions by setting standards and regulations to reduce workplace hazards. This law specifically focuses on protecting workers from risks related to their job tasks. The other choices, B: The Clean Water Act, C: The Environmental Protection Agency Act, and D: The Clean Air Act, do not directly target workplace safety but rather aim to address environmental concerns such as water pollution, air pollution, and the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency for overall environmental protection.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is considering applying for a position as a public health nurse. Which of the following would be a reason this position would be appealing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Public health nursing is known for its autonomy and independence. In many instances, there are limited other health care professionals and staff with whom to interact. In-patient acute care nurses focus on acute care with outcomes known fairly quickly (B). Acute care nurses collaborate frequently with other health care professionals (C). Depending on the position there may be more flexibility, but typically public health nurses do not receive higher wages (D).
Question 3 of 5
How did the Industrial Revolution result in previous caregiving approaches, such as care by families, friends, and neighbors, becoming inadequate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Care became inadequate because of the social changes in Europe, with great advances in transportation, communication, and other technologies. The increased mobility led to migration and urbanization, which in turn led to increased need for care. The Industrial Revolution was not a time of economic/political unrest (A) or plagues (B), and caregivers were typically untrained, not demanding pay (D).
Question 4 of 5
Why did American citizens become interested in establishing government-sponsored boards of health?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Threat of disease, especially yellow fever, led to public interest in establishing government-sponsored boards of health. The focus was on public health for all, not just the poor (B), funding (C), or records (D), though these were secondary benefits.
Question 5 of 5
What was the outcome of the Shattuck Report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It took 19 years for the first of Shattuck’s recommendations to be implemented, but his report was the first effort to create a modern public health organization. Changes were not immediate (D) and focused on long-term guidelines (C) rather than substance abuse (A) or sanitation alone (B).