ATI RN
History of Public Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which public health initiative in the 1960s was a key factor in reducing smoking-related deaths in the United States?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The Surgeon General's Report on Smoking and Health. This report, released in 1964, provided clear evidence of the link between smoking and health issues, leading to increased public awareness and support for anti-smoking initiatives. The report also prompted the government to implement policies such as warning labels on cigarette packages and bans on tobacco advertising. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The National Cancer Act focused on cancer research and treatment, not specifically on smoking-related deaths. C: The creation of the National Health Service in the UK did not directly impact smoking-related deaths in the United States. D: The Clean Air Act primarily aimed to reduce air pollution, not specifically smoking-related deaths.
Question 2 of 5
Which public health law, passed in 1970, aimed to reduce environmental health hazards in the United States?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). OSHA was passed in 1970 to ensure safe and healthy working conditions by setting standards and regulations to reduce workplace hazards. This law specifically focuses on protecting workers from risks related to their job tasks. The other choices, B: The Clean Water Act, C: The Environmental Protection Agency Act, and D: The Clean Air Act, do not directly target workplace safety but rather aim to address environmental concerns such as water pollution, air pollution, and the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency for overall environmental protection.
Question 3 of 5
Which 1988 report by the Institute of Medicine called for reform in the public health system of the United States?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Future of Public Health Report. This report released by the Institute of Medicine in 1988 outlined the need for a comprehensive overhaul of the public health system in the United States. It emphasized the importance of shifting focus from individual health care to population health, promoting prevention, and addressing social determinants of health. Choice B: The National Health Policy Report is incorrect as it does not specifically address reform in the public health system. Choice C: The U.S. Health Reform Report is incorrect as it is a generic term and doesn't refer to a specific report by the Institute of Medicine calling for reform in the public health system. Choice D: The Healthy People 2000 Report is incorrect as it is a different report focusing on national health objectives and not specifically on reforming the public health system.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is considering applying for a position as a public health nurse. Which of the following would be a reason this position would be appealing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Public health nursing is known for its autonomy and independence. In many instances, there are limited other health care professionals and staff with whom to interact. In-patient acute care nurses focus on acute care with outcomes known fairly quickly (B). Acute care nurses collaborate frequently with other health care professionals (C). Depending on the position there may be more flexibility, but typically public health nurses do not receive higher wages (D).
Question 5 of 5
How did the Industrial Revolution result in previous caregiving approaches, such as care by families, friends, and neighbors, becoming inadequate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Care became inadequate because of the social changes in Europe, with great advances in transportation, communication, and other technologies. The increased mobility led to migration and urbanization, which in turn led to increased need for care. The Industrial Revolution was not a time of economic/political unrest (A) or plagues (B), and caregivers were typically untrained, not demanding pay (D).