ATI RN
Dewits Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
Which property of cardiac cells is mechanical in nature?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Contractility is the property of cardiac cells that is mechanical in nature. It refers to the ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract in response to an electrical stimulus. This contraction is what enables the heart to pump blood throughout the body. Contractility is essential for maintaining cardiac output and overall cardiovascular function. While automaticity, excitability, and conductivity are also important properties of cardiac cells, they are primarily related to the electrical activity of the heart rather than the mechanical function of contraction.
Question 2 of 9
The nurse is preparing to assess a patient’s thyroid gland. For which criteria is the nurse assessing this gland?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When assessing the thyroid gland, the nurse primarily focuses on evaluating its size and consistency. The size of the thyroid can give indications of potential abnormalities such as enlargement (goiter) or nodules. Consistency refers to the feel of the gland, which can vary depending on conditions such as inflammation or malignancy. Monitoring size and consistency helps the nurse in detecting common thyroid issues and determining appropriate interventions for the patient. Pain, pulse rate, character, texture, edema, and movement are not the primary criteria used to assess the thyroid gland.
Question 3 of 9
The nurse is analyzing data collected after assessing a child with a congenital heart defect that decreases pulmonary blood flow. Which nursing diagnosis would be applicable for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A congenital heart defect that decreases pulmonary blood flow can lead to reduced cardiac output. Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute, and a decrease in pulmonary blood flow can affect the heart's ability to effectively pump blood to the body. Therefore, the appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client would be Decreased Cardiac Output. This diagnosis reflects the underlying physiological issue caused by the congenital heart defect and guides the nurse in planning appropriate interventions to support and optimize the child's cardiac function.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse reviews documentation on a patient with a long leg cast for a fracture in which the pulses in the foot were decreased and the patient was experiencing a pain rating of 8 on a scale of 0 to 10 during the previous shift. Which additional findings should the nurse immediately report to the healthcare provider? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cyanosis in the foot indicates poor circulation or decreased blood flow to the area, which is concerning in a patient with a long leg cast and decreased pulses. This could signify a significant decrease in oxygenated blood reaching the foot, which could lead to serious complications if not addressed promptly. The nurse should report this finding immediately to the healthcare provider for further assessment and intervention.
Question 5 of 9
During a health history interview, a patient reports having to get up to void several times during the night and there is burning when passing urine. Which terms should the nurse use when documenting this patient’s manifestations? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: - Dysuria: Dysuria refers to pain or discomfort experienced during urination, which includes the sensation of burning the patient reported.
Question 6 of 9
Which is true about the physiology of neuroendocrine compensatory mechanism?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the statement accurately reflects the physiology of the neuroendocrine compensatory mechanism. When there is a decrease in cardiac output, the body activates the sympathetic nervous system and releases catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. These catecholamines help increase heart rate, contractility, and vasoconstriction to maintain blood pressure and perfusion to vital organs. This compensatory mechanism aims to overcome the decreased cardiac output and maintain adequate tissue perfusion in response to stress or reduced blood flow.
Question 7 of 9
The nursing student is planning an educational program for a school project. The program is focusing on cancer detection education for a community group. What should the nursing student plan to include in order to address the various learning styles of the target group?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Option D, which includes audiovisuals, examples, group discussions, and activities, is the most comprehensive approach to address the various learning styles of the target group. This holistic approach caters to visual learners through audiovisual materials, auditory learners through group discussions, and kinesthetic learners through activities. By incorporating a variety of teaching methods, the nursing student can accommodate different learning preferences within the community group, ultimately enhancing the educational program's effectiveness and engagement.
Question 8 of 9
A nurse is teaching a client about the different types of angina. Which client statement indicate the need for follow up teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prinzmetal angina, also known as variant angina, is not typically associated with strenuous exercise. It is a type of angina that occurs at rest, often during the night or early morning hours. It is caused by a temporary spasm of the coronary arteries, leading to a decrease in blood flow to the heart muscle. Clients with Prinzmetal angina may experience chest pain, often with changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG) during an episode. Therefore, the client's statement about Prinzmetal angina occurring with strenuous exercise is incorrect and indicates the need for follow-up teaching.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted to labor and delivery. What should the nurse recognize as risk factors for disseminating intravascular coagulation (DIC)? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a serious condition characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade and consumption of clotting factors, leading to both thrombosis and bleeding. Risk factors for DIC include conditions that cause significant tissue injury, which can trigger the coagulation pathway.