Which process is an example of third spacing in a burn injury?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Edema formation. Third spacing in a burn injury refers to the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces, causing swelling. In a burn injury, the damaged capillaries leak fluid into the surrounding tissues, leading to edema formation. Blister formation (A) is an example of first spacing, where fluid accumulates in the epidermal layer. Fluid mobilization (C) is not related to third spacing but rather refers to the movement of fluids within the body. Fluid accumulation as second spacing (D) is incorrect because second spacing involves normal distribution of fluid within the intravascular and interstitial spaces, not excessive accumulation in the interstitial spaces as seen in third spacing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Anterior. "Anterior" is used to describe the front of the body. This term is commonly used in anatomical language to indicate a position closer to the front of the body. In contrast, "posterior" (choice D) refers to the back of the body, "lateral" (choice B) refers to the side of the body, and "dorsal" (choice C) refers to the back side of an organism. Therefore, in this context, "anterior" is the most appropriate term to describe a location towards the front of the body.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Isotonic. Solutions with equal solute concentration have the same osmotic pressure, allowing for balanced movement of water in and out of cells. This prevents cells from shrinking or swelling. Volumetric (A) refers to measurement, hypertonic (B) means higher solute concentration, and metabolic (D) pertains to biochemical reactions, making them all unrelated to the concept of equal solute concentration.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it encompasses all the key differences between first-degree and second-degree burns. A: A first-degree burn affects only the epidermis, while a second-degree burn affects both the epidermis and the dermis. This is correct as first-degree burns are superficial, affecting only the outer layer of the skin, while second-degree burns penetrate deeper into the dermis. B: A first-degree burn is characterized by redness and pain, while a second-degree burn is characterized by blisters and swelling. This is accurate as first-degree burns typically result in redness and pain, whereas second-degree burns involve blister formation and swelling due to damage to deeper skin layers. C: A first-degree burn heals within a few days, while a second-degree burn may take several weeks to heal. This is true as first-degree burns are minor and usually heal quickly, whereas second-degree burns require more time to heal due to the deeper tissue damage. Therefore, by considering all the distinctions

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Obtain the vital signs. Sudden severe upper abdominal pain, diaphoresis, and a very firm abdomen in a patient with a peptic ulcer and NG tube can indicate a perforation or complication requiring immediate assessment. Vital signs can provide crucial information on the patient's condition and guide further interventions. Irrigating the NG tube (A) can worsen the situation if there is a perforation. Giving antacid (C) may not address the underlying issue and delay necessary interventions. Listening for bowel sounds (D) is important but obtaining vital signs takes precedence in this critical situation.