ATI RN
ATI Fluid and Electrolytes Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which positive ion is most prevalent in intracellular fluid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Potassium (K+). Potassium is the predominant cation found within cells, making it the most prevalent positive ion in intracellular fluid. Calcium, sodium, and magnesium are also essential ions in the body, but they are not as abundant in intracellular fluid. Calcium is vital for bone health and muscle function, sodium helps in maintaining fluid balance and nerve function, and magnesium is involved in numerous biochemical reactions.
Question 2 of 5
The term used to describe a blood sodium level of more than 145 mEq/L is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: hypernatremia. Hypernatremia refers to an elevated level of sodium in the blood, specifically when it is more than 145 mEq/L. Choice A, hyponatremia, is incorrect as it refers to low sodium levels. Choice B, hyperkalemia, is incorrect as it refers to high potassium levels, not sodium. Choice D, hypercalcemia, is also incorrect as it relates to elevated calcium levels, not sodium.
Question 3 of 5
Which substance dissociates into ions in a water solution?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Electrolyte.' Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Intracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, and plasma are not substances that dissociate into ions in a water solution. Intracellular fluid is the fluid inside cells, interstitial fluid is the fluid between cells, and plasma is the liquid component of blood. These choices do not dissociate into ions in a water solution, unlike electrolytes.
Question 4 of 5
What fluid is found in spaces between the cells?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Interstitial fluid. Interstitial fluid is the fluid that surrounds and occupies the spaces between cells, providing them with nutrients and removing waste. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because intracellular fluid refers to fluid inside cells, plasma refers to the liquid component of blood, and electrolyte refers to substances that dissociate into ions in solution, affecting fluid balance but not specifically found in spaces between cells.
Question 5 of 5
Which hormone is made in the pituitary gland and increases water absorption in the kidney?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of medical-surgical nursing, understanding fluid and electrolyte balance is crucial for providing safe and effective patient care. In this question, the correct answer is D) ADH (antidiuretic hormone). ADH is produced in the pituitary gland and acts on the kidneys to increase water reabsorption, helping to retain water in the body and reduce urine output. This hormone plays a key role in regulating water balance and preventing dehydration. Option A) Intracellular fluid and option B) Interstitial fluid are types of body fluids, but they are not hormones produced in the pituitary gland. They do not directly influence water reabsorption in the kidneys. Option C) Plasma is the liquid component of blood, which contains water, but it is not a hormone that regulates water absorption in the kidneys. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the role of hormones in fluid regulation. Nurses need to recognize the actions of hormones like ADH to assess and manage patients with fluid and electrolyte imbalances effectively. By grasping the functions of hormones involved in fluid balance, nurses can intervene appropriately to maintain homeostasis and promote positive patient outcomes.