ATI RN
Transcultural Concepts in Nursing Care 7th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which physiological changes associated with aging increase the risk of hypertension in older adults?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: As individuals age, there is a natural increase in systolic blood pressure (the top number in a blood pressure reading). This rise is attributed to factors such as arterial stiffness, reduced compliance of blood vessels, and decreased elasticity of the arteries. This increase in systolic blood pressure with age is considered a significant risk factor for hypertension in older adults. Hypertension is commonly defined as having a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or higher and/or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or higher. Therefore, the age-related increase in systolic blood pressure contributes to the overall risk of developing hypertension in the elderly population.
Question 2 of 5
Which form of peripheral vascular disease is characterized by thickening, loss of elasticity, and calcification of arterial walls?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Arteriosclerosis is a form of peripheral vascular disease characterized by the thickening, loss of elasticity, and calcification of arterial walls. This results in the narrowing and hardening of the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to tissues and organs. Atherosclerosis, on the other hand, specifically refers to the buildup of plaque (composed of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances) on the inner walls of arteries, which contributes to arteriosclerosis. Chronic venous insufficiency is a condition involving poor blood flow from the legs back to the heart, often causing swelling and skin changes. Deep venous thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, commonly in the legs.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is administering albumin 5% to a client in shock. Which nursing action is appropriate when assessing this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When administering albumin 5% to a client in shock, it is essential to monitor for signs of fluid overload, as albumin is a volume expander. Auscultating breath sounds for crackles is a key nursing action to assess for pulmonary edema, which can be a manifestation of fluid overload. Crackles on auscultation indicate the presence of fluid in the lungs, which may require immediate intervention to prevent respiratory compromise. Therefore, monitoring for crackles in the breath sounds is crucial to detect and address potential complications related to the administration of albumin in this client.
Question 4 of 5
During a 6-month well-baby check up, the mother mentions to the nurse that her infant seems to be sleeping just as much as she did as a newborn, and she seems to do everything with her left hand. The nurse recognizes that these are warning signs of stroke that occurred early in life. What other question should the nurse ask to assess for signs of stroke?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Jerking movements in the face, arms, or legs can be a sign of seizures, which can occur as a result of a stroke in infants. This question is important to assess whether the infant may have experienced any seizure activity, which could indicate a potential stroke. It helps the nurse gather more information to understand the infant's symptoms and assess the possibility of a stroke event.
Question 5 of 5
An older patient is experiencing constipation. What should the nurse teach this patient to help with this health problem? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and nursing care, the correct answer for an older patient experiencing constipation is option A: Eat a bran cereal for breakfast. Bran cereal is high in fiber, which helps promote bowel regularity and prevents constipation. Option B, taking bisacodyl (Dulcolax) daily, is incorrect because while bisacodyl is a laxative that can provide short-term relief from constipation, it is not recommended for daily use due to the risk of dependence and potential damage to the colon's natural functioning. Option C, eating plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables daily, is generally a good dietary recommendation for overall health but may not provide enough fiber to address constipation effectively on its own. Option D, eating whole-wheat bread instead of nonalcoholic fluid daily, is unrelated to the issue of constipation and does not address the need for increased fiber intake. Option E, drinking six to eight glasses of nonalcoholic fluid daily, is generally good advice for overall health but may not directly address the constipation issue without an increase in dietary fiber intake. Educationally, it is essential for nurses to understand the role of dietary fiber in managing constipation, as well as the limitations and potential risks associated with using laxatives as a long-term solution. Providing dietary recommendations tailored to individual patient needs can greatly improve outcomes and promote holistic nursing care.