ATI RN
Health And Safety for Clients Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which physiologic mechanism of hypoxemia occurs with pulmonary fibrosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pulmonary fibrosis, the thickened alveolar walls impair gas exchange, leading to diffusion limitation. This restricts oxygen transfer across the alveolar-capillary membrane, causing hypoxemia. Anatomic shunt (A) involves blood bypassing ventilated lung areas, not seen in pulmonary fibrosis. Intrapulmonary shunt (C) refers to blood flow through unventilated lung regions, not a characteristic of pulmonary fibrosis. V/Q mismatch ratio of less than 1 (D) indicates a ventilation-perfusion mismatch, not typically associated with pulmonary fibrosis.
Question 2 of 5
Which action should the nurse take first when a patient with ARDS develops a high-pressure alarm on the ventilator?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action is to check for kinks or obstructions in the ventilator tubing first because a high-pressure alarm indicates a potential issue with airflow, which can lead to decreased oxygenation and ventilation. By ensuring the tubing is clear, the nurse can address the immediate problem and potentially prevent further complications. Auscultating lung sounds for a pneumothorax can be important but is not the priority in this situation. Suctioning the endotracheal tube for secretions may help in some cases but should not be the first action when a high-pressure alarm occurs. Notifying the respiratory therapist is important, but resolving the potential obstruction in the ventilator tubing should be the initial step to ensure the patient's safety and optimal ventilation.
Question 3 of 5
Which intervention is most likely to prevent or limit barotrauma in the patient with ARDS who is mechanically ventilated?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Use of permissive hypercapnia. In ARDS, permissive hypercapnia allows for lower tidal volumes and pressures, reducing the risk of barotrauma. Decreasing PEEP (A) can worsen oxygenation. Increasing tidal volume (C) can exacerbate lung injury. Positive pressure ventilation (D) is necessary but can lead to barotrauma if not carefully managed.
Question 4 of 5
A Client has been intubated and placed on a volume-cycled mechanical ventilator. The nurse carefully assess the client for findings associated with a risk associated with this type of ventilator. What is the risk?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Barotrauma. Barotrauma refers to lung injury caused by excessive pressure during mechanical ventilation. With a volume-cycled ventilator, there is a risk of delivering high tidal volumes at high pressures, leading to barotrauma. Hypoventilation (A), hypercapnia (B), and respiratory acidosis (C) are outcomes of inadequate ventilation, but they are not the specific risk associated with a volume-cycled ventilator.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is serving on a continuous quality improvement (CQI) committee that has been assigned to develop a program to reduce the number of medication administration errors following a sentinel event at the facility. Which of the following strategies should the committee plan to initiate first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Review the events leading up to each medication administration error. This strategy is crucial for identifying root causes of errors and implementing targeted solutions. By analyzing the specific circumstances surrounding each error, the committee can uncover systemic issues, such as faulty processes or inadequate training, that contribute to errors. This approach allows for evidence-based interventions to be developed to prevent future occurrences. Option A is not the most effective initial strategy as simply providing an inservice may not address underlying systemic issues. Option B may be important but assessing competency without understanding the root causes of errors may not lead to sustainable improvements. Option D focuses on addressing errors after they occur rather than preventing them in the first place.