Which phase of the nursing process is the community health nurse performing when they identify patterns and trends in data?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assessment. During the assessment phase of the nursing process, the community health nurse collects and analyzes data to identify patterns and trends in the community's health status. This step helps the nurse understand the community's needs and prioritize interventions. Choice B: Diagnosis comes after assessment and involves identifying health problems based on the collected data. Choice C: Planning involves developing specific interventions and goals based on the identified health problems. Choice D: Evaluation is the final phase where the nurse assesses the effectiveness of the interventions implemented.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because holism in community-based nursing involves understanding that community health is influenced by various factors such as policies, health risks, and medical services. This approach recognizes that these elements are interconnected and impact each other. It goes beyond focusing solely on individual health to consider the broader community context. A: Incorrect - Focusing on the physical health of individuals does not encompass the holistic approach of community-based nursing. B: Incorrect - Viewing various community components as separate entities goes against the holistic perspective that emphasizes interconnectedness. D: Incorrect - While evidence-based practices are important, the holistic approach in community-based nursing involves considering broader community factors beyond just specific needs and wants.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Present materials from simple to complex. This teaching strategy is effective because it allows learners to build upon their existing knowledge gradually, making it easier for them to understand and retain information. By starting with simple concepts and moving towards more complex ones, the nurse can ensure that participants grasp the fundamentals before moving on to advanced topics. A: Using passive learning strategies is ineffective for teaching CPR, as hands-on practice and active participation are crucial for skill acquisition. C: Role-relationship is not directly related to enhancing learning in a CPR program and may not be as effective as presenting materials in a structured manner. D: Assuming learners have the same baseline knowledge can lead to confusion and gaps in understanding, as individuals may have varying levels of prior knowledge on the topic.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Assessing what the learners already know about the topic is essential in adult learning theory to tailor the program to their existing knowledge. This ensures relevance and engagement. Option B focuses on behavioral theories, not adult learning. Option C emphasizes technology, which may not align with all learners. Option D is important but not specific to adult learning theory.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: C is correct because in the evaluation step, the nurse assesses if learners can identify their cardiac risk factors, ensuring program effectiveness. A is incorrect as theory selection is done in planning. B is incorrect as assessing prior knowledge is done in the assessment phase. D is incorrect as strategy development is in the implementation phase.