Which person is at the highest risk for suicide?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because this individual exhibits multiple risk factors for suicide: alcohol dependence, hopelessness, impulsivity, recent rejection, and access to a gun. These factors increase the immediate risk of suicide due to the combination of emotional distress and means to carry out the act. Choice A has a plan but lacks the impulsivity and immediate means. Choice B has a history of suicide attempts but lacks the current impulsivity and availability of means. Choice D expresses a desire for death but lacks the impulsivity and immediate access to means.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because in the nursing process, cues are indeed analyzed during the assessment phase to gather data and identify patient needs. This step is crucial for developing an accurate nursing diagnosis and planning appropriate interventions. Choice B is incorrect as hypotheses are formed during the planning phase, not evaluation. Choice C is incorrect because nurses use a combination of primary and secondary data. Choice D is incorrect as unmet goals are not automatically discontinued but rather reassessed and modified as needed.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the goal of the cognitive-behavioral theory model according to Beck and Ellis is to substitute rational beliefs for irrational ones and eliminate self-defeating behaviors. This approach focuses on identifying and challenging negative thought patterns and beliefs that contribute to emotional distress and maladaptive behaviors. By replacing irrational beliefs with rational ones, individuals can improve their mental health and overall well-being. A: Developing satisfactory relationships, maturity, and freedom from anxiety is more aligned with a humanistic or social learning theory perspective, not specifically cognitive-behavioral theory. C: Facing reality and developing standards for behaving responsibly is important but not the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy. D: Reducing bodily tensions and managing stress through biofeedback and relaxation training is more related to relaxation techniques and stress management, not the core focus of cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Approving/disapproving." Reassuring involves alleviating anxiety, similarly, sanctioning or denouncing client's ideas or behaviors involves showing approval or disapproval. Approving/disapproving directly relates to sanctioning or denouncing, making it the most fitting analogy. B: "Rejecting" is incorrect because it implies a complete dismissal rather than expressing approval or disapproval. C: "Interpreting" is incorrect as it involves explaining or deciphering the meaning rather than showing approval or disapproval. D: "Probing" is incorrect as it refers to asking questions or investigating further, which is not related to expressing approval or disapproval.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assessment findings in mental illness reflect a person's cultural patterns. This belief supports patient advocacy by recognizing the influence of culture on mental health. Step 1: Understanding cultural patterns helps nurses provide individualized care. Step 2: Cultural considerations impact assessment accuracy and treatment effectiveness. Step 3: Advocating for patients requires recognizing and respecting cultural differences in mental health. Other choices are incorrect because they oversimplify cultural influences on mental illness or make unsubstantiated claims about cross-cultural disorders.