Which patient would most likely benefit from taking St. John’s wort? A patient with

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for correct answer (C): St. John’s wort is commonly used to treat mild depressive symptoms due to its potential antidepressant effects. It may help improve mood and alleviate symptoms in individuals with mild depression. Summary of incorrect choices: A (mood swings): St. John’s wort is not typically recommended for mood swings as it is more targeted towards depressive symptoms. B (hypomanic symptoms): St. John’s wort can potentially worsen symptoms of mania or hypomania in individuals with bipolar disorder. D (panic disorder with agoraphobia): St. John’s wort is not indicated for treating panic disorder or agoraphobia as it may not effectively target the underlying causes of these conditions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Frontal lobe. Asterogenesis is the inability to recognize familiar objects by touch. Damage to the frontal lobe can disrupt sensory integration and impair perception. The frontal lobe is responsible for higher cognitive functions, including problem-solving, judgment, and decision-making. Damage to the temporal, parietal, or occipital lobes would not directly affect tactile object recognition.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: The dosage should not exceed ½ of the usual recommended dose. Vortioxetine is primarily metabolized by the CYP2D6 enzyme. In poor 2D6 metabolizers, the metabolism of vortioxetine is significantly reduced, leading to higher drug levels in the body. Therefore, to prevent potential adverse effects or toxicity, the dosage should be reduced to avoid exceeding the usual recommended dose. A: The dosage of the drug will need to be increased - Incorrect. Due to reduced metabolism in poor 2D6 metabolizers, increasing the dosage would lead to higher drug levels and increased risk of adverse effects. B: The dosage needs to begin at half then increase over a 2-week period - Incorrect. Starting at half the dose is not sufficient for poor metabolizers as they may still experience increased drug levels. D: An adjunct medication will need to be prescribed until the dosage can be reduced - Incorrect. Adding another medication is not necessary

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sulfamide. Sulfamide is an enzyme inhibitor that works by blocking the activity of specific enzymes, interfering with their function. This disrupts the normal biochemical processes in the body. A, Sulfaurea, is a medication used to treat diabetes by stimulating insulin release and is not an enzyme inhibitor. B, Smoking, is not an enzyme inhibitor but rather a harmful habit that can lead to various health issues. C, Rifampin, is an antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis, not by directly inhibiting enzymes in the body. In summary, Sulfamide is the correct answer as it directly inhibits enzyme activity, whereas the other choices do not function in the same way.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dopamine. An increase in dopamine levels can lead to hallucinations and psychosis. Dopamine is involved in regulating mood, emotions, and perception. Excess dopamine can disrupt these functions, leading to psychotic symptoms. Serotonin (A) is primarily associated with mood regulation, not hallucinations. Acetylcholine (B) is involved in memory and muscle control, not typically linked to hallucinations. GABA (D) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps regulate neuronal excitability, not associated with hallucinations or psychosis.