Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the 19-year-old white female patient standing 2 feet in front of the nurse would likely feel uncomfortable with close personal space. Younger individuals tend to value personal space more and may feel more uncomfortable with proximity. Standing 2 feet away is closer than the social distance zone, leading to potential discomfort. Choice B is incorrect because the 40-year-old African-American male patient is sitting next to the nurse, which indicates a level of comfort with proximity. Choice C is incorrect because the 60-year-old Latin-American female patient who is seated across from the nurse is at a comfortable distance for interaction. Choice D is incorrect because the 82-year-old patient from France who is lying in bed with the nurse sitting next to the bed is likely in a more intimate setting where close personal space is expected.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because developing a plan of care and measurable objectives with the patient promotes patient-centered care, encourages collaboration, and ensures the patient's active involvement in their own care. This approach respects the patient's autonomy and preferences, fosters shared decision-making, and enhances treatment adherence. A: Demonstrating human caring by hugging the patient may not be appropriate as it can violate professional boundaries and personal space. B: Disclosing shared intimate details with other healthcare providers breaches patient confidentiality and violates privacy rights. C: Maintaining a physical distance of at least 3 to 4 feet at all times may be necessary for infection control but does not address the core aspect of involving the patient in their care plan.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the 19-year-old white female patient standing 2 feet in front of the nurse would likely feel uncomfortable with close personal space. Younger individuals tend to value personal space more and may feel more uncomfortable with proximity. Standing 2 feet away is closer than the social distance zone, leading to potential discomfort. Choice B is incorrect because the 40-year-old African-American male patient is sitting next to the nurse, which indicates a level of comfort with proximity. Choice C is incorrect because the 60-year-old Latin-American female patient who is seated across from the nurse is at a comfortable distance for interaction. Choice D is incorrect because the 82-year-old patient from France who is lying in bed with the nurse sitting next to the bed is likely in a more intimate setting where close personal space is expected.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because having another nurse who has a good relationship with the family present can help facilitate effective communication and address any concerns or questions the family may have. This approach can help build trust and provide emotional support during a potentially difficult situation. A: Avoiding discussing the treatment plan can lead to confusion and distrust. C: Using medical terms may confuse or intimidate the family and hinder effective communication. D: Assuming the family wants a detailed explanation may not be accurate and can result in information overload.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it acknowledges Ms. G's autonomy and respects her right to make decisions about her own body. By validating her feelings and choices, it helps build trust and rapport. Choice B is incorrect as it disregards Ms. G's emotional state and can come off as dismissive. Choice C assumes Ms. G needs immediate medical intervention without exploring her concerns further. Choice D, although showing empathy, does not directly address Ms. G's decision to change her mind about the surgery.