Which patient would benefit most from a capped IV catheter that is used intermittently rather than continuously?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The elderly patient who is receiving a diuretic for fluid overload would benefit most from a capped IV catheter used intermittently rather than continuously. Diuretics cause the body to expel excess fluid, so the patient may require intermittent IV fluid replacement to maintain hydration while avoiding overloading the system with excessive fluids. By using the IV catheter intermittently, healthcare providers can closely monitor the patient's fluid status and adjust fluid administration as needed to prevent dehydration or fluid overload. This approach allows for more precise management of the patient's fluid balance compared to continuous IV infusion.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Peritonitis is a major complication of peritoneal dialysis that the nurse should monitor for. Peritonitis is an infection of the peritoneum, the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs. It can occur when bacteria from the dialysis solution enter the peritoneal cavity. Symptoms of peritonitis may include abdominal pain, cloudy dialysis effluent, fever, and general signs of infection. Prompt recognition and treatment of peritonitis are crucial to prevent complications such as sepsis and peritoneal membrane damage. Regular monitoring and strict aseptic technique during peritoneal dialysis can help reduce the risk of peritonitis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Heavy meals before bedtime can disrupt sleep.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hepatitis C is a known risk factor for splenic lymphoma and other B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Romberg's test is a neurological test that assesses the function of the dorsal columns of the spinal cord, which are responsible for proprioception and vibration sensations. A lumbar injury can affect these dorsal columns, leading to impaired proprioception. Therefore, the Romberg's test would be affected due to the compromised sensory input from the lower extremities. This test usually involves asking the patient to stand with feet together and eyes closed to assess balance and proprioception.