Which patient would benefit from administration of simvastatin (Zocor) 80 mg?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In general, the maximum recommended dose of simvastatin is 40 mg daily due to an increased risk of myopathy, including rhabdomyolysis, at higher doses. However, in certain cases, especially for patients who have been tolerating and responding well to simvastatin 40 mg for an extended period without experiencing myopathy, increasing the dose to 80 mg may be considered. Patients who have been taking simvastatin for 12 months with no evidence of myopathy are likely to benefit from the higher dose in terms of better lipid control. It is important to monitor closely for any signs or symptoms of myopathy even with the 80 mg dose.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lithium is commonly used as a mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder. It helps reduce the intensity of manic episodes, thereby stabilizing the patient's mood and preventing extreme mood swings. While lithium is primarily known for its mood-stabilizing effects, it is not used to lower blood glucose, slow the heart, or heal ulcers.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Premature infants, especially those born very premature or with health complications, often require blood transfusions due to their underdeveloped organs and medical conditions. Their small size and medical fragility make them the age group that typically uses the most units of blood and blood products. This high demand for blood products is necessary to support their growth, development, and overall health. Conversely, while individuals in other age groups may also require blood transfusions, premature infants have specific and ongoing needs that often result in a greater overall use of blood and blood products in this age group.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Angiotensin II receptor agents medications usually end in -sartan. Examples of such medications include losartan, valsartan, and telmisartan. These drugs work by blocking the action of angiotensin II at its receptor sites, resulting in vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion. This class of medications is commonly used to treat conditions like hypertension, heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Iron is classified as an Antianemic agent. Anemia is a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells, which are responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen. Therefore, iron supplements are commonly used to treat iron-deficiency anemia by replenishing the body's iron stores and supporting the production of healthy red blood cells.