Which patient statement supports the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a fear of gaining weight is a common symptom of anorexia nervosa. People with anorexia nervosa often have an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, leading to restrictive eating habits. This statement aligns with the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa outlined in the DSM-5. Choice B is incorrect because it does not directly relate to the typical symptoms of anorexia nervosa. While social isolation and lack of support can be factors in eating disorders, this statement does not specifically support the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. Choice C is incorrect because alcohol abuse is not a primary symptom of anorexia nervosa. While co-occurring substance abuse disorders can sometimes occur with eating disorders, this statement does not directly support the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. Choice D is incorrect because a lack of pleasure in life is a symptom commonly associated with depression, not specifically anorexia nervosa. While depression can co-

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Speaking to the patient in his native language may not necessarily be the most effective approach as not all individuals from the same culture speak the same language. It is important to recognize that language and culture are not always directly correlated. Demonstrating genuine interest (A), avoiding assumptions (B), and acquiring information about the patient's country (D) are all crucial aspects of providing culturally competent care as they help in understanding the patient's background, beliefs, and values. However, assuming that speaking the patient's native language automatically promotes cultural competence overlooks the diversity within cultures.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B (Teaching physical and psychosocial effects of stress to elementary school students). Rationale: 1. Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of mental health issues. 2. Teaching stress management to children helps build coping skills early. 3. Educating on stress effects promotes awareness and resilience. 4. Other choices involve secondary or tertiary prevention strategies.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Autonomy versus shame and doubt. At 26 months, the child is in the toddler stage according to Erikson's psychosocial development theory. During this stage, children are developing a sense of autonomy and independence. The negative behavior, refusal of toilet training, and saying 'No!' are all indicative of the child asserting their autonomy and testing boundaries. If the child is met with criticism or punishment for their attempts at independence, they may develop feelings of shame and doubt. This aligns with the psychosocial crisis of Autonomy versus shame and doubt. Summary of other choices: A: Trust versus mistrust - This crisis occurs in infancy, where the primary focus is on developing trust in the caregiver. Not applicable in this scenario. B: Initiative versus guilt - This crisis occurs in early childhood, focusing on taking initiative in activities. Not relevant to the behaviors described. C: Industry versus inferiority - This crisis occurs in middle childhood, emphasizing the development of

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In Piaget's theory, the type of development described is cognitive development. Piaget focused on how individuals acquire knowledge, understand the world, and solve problems as they grow. He identified key stages like sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Cognitive development involves mental processes such as thinking, memory, problem-solving, and language acquisition. Moral development (A) refers to understanding right and wrong, interpersonal development (B) focuses on social relationships, and emotional development (D) pertains to managing emotions. Therefore, the correct answer is C (cognitive) as it aligns with Piaget's emphasis on intellectual growth and understanding.