ATI RN
Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1.1 Study Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which part of the body begins the breakdown of foods and makes digestive juice that can kill most bacteria?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The stomach, initiates food breakdown via mechanical churning and secretes gastric juice (acid, enzymes) that kills bacteria. The liver produces bile, heart pumps blood, colon absorbs water, and skin protects. Anatomically, the stomach's acidic environment (pH A.5-C.5) digests and sterilizes, aligning with digestion's start, confirming D.
Question 2 of 5
The directional term 'superior' in anatomy means which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Superior denotes a position closer to the head, aligning with the cephalic direction in anatomical terms. It's used to compare structures like the eyes being superior to the mouth offering a vertical hierarchy. In clinical practice, nurses apply this to locate issues, such as superior lung infections, ensuring precise communication. It contrasts with tailward or front-back terms, anchoring orientation in the body's upright framework for effective care and study.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the stated relationships is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The heart lies below the clavicle, a correct inferior relationship in anatomical terms. This positioning aids clinicians in chest assessments like heart sounds relative to the collarbone. Other pairings misalign: shoulders are proximal to wrist bones, fingers extend beyond hand bones, and eyes sit between eyebrows. Nurses use such relationships to pinpoint locations, ensuring accurate diagnostics and interventions.
Question 4 of 5
Which one of the following statements is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The dorsal cavity houses the brain and spinal cord, a correct anatomical fact reflecting its back-side role. Nurses target this for neurological care like spinal taps unlike ventral or diaphragmatic separations. Other statements err: the diaphragm divides chest from abdomen, reproductive organs sit partly outside ventral bounds, and the spinal cord isn't abdomino-pelvic. This clarity guides precise health focus.
Question 5 of 5
If a medical image displays internal anatomy in mid-sagittal section, which of the following describes the section?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A mid-sagittal section splits the body vertically through the midline nose to navel into equal right and left halves. Nurses use this in imaging like MRI to view symmetrical structures, unlike horizontal or off-center cuts. It's a critical perspective for assessing bilateral anatomy and guiding precise interventions.