Which parental statement at the end of a teaching session by the nurse indicates correct understanding of colostomy stoma care for the infant client?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) "We will watch for skin irritation around the stoma." This statement indicates an understanding of proper colostomy stoma care in an infant client. Monitoring for skin irritation is crucial as it can indicate complications such as infection or poor fit of the colostomy appliance. Option A is incorrect because changing the colostomy bag with each wet diaper is not necessary and can lead to excessive changes, which may irritate the skin unnecessarily and increase the risk of infection. Option B is incorrect because a moderate amount of bleeding after cleansing the area around the stoma is not expected and should be reported to the healthcare provider as it may indicate trauma or other issues. Option D is incorrect because using adhesive enhancers when changing the bag may not be necessary and could potentially irritate the skin further if not needed. In an educational context, it is important for pediatric nurses to provide clear and accurate information to parents regarding colostomy stoma care in infants to ensure proper management and prevention of complications. Monitoring for skin irritation and other signs of concern is essential in maintaining the infant's skin integrity and overall well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding preventive techniques for heat-related illnesses in children during exercise is crucial. Option C, "During activity, stopping for fluids every 15 to 20 minutes is essential," is the correct choice. This statement reflects the importance of frequent hydration breaks to prevent dehydration and heat-related complications in children. During exercise, children are at a higher risk of overheating due to their smaller body mass and higher metabolic rate, making regular fluid intake vital. Option A, "Wearing dark clothing during exercise is not recommended," is incorrect because dark clothing absorbs more heat, contributing to increased body temperature during physical activity, which can exacerbate the risk of heat-related illnesses. Option B, "Water is the preferred fluid for fluid replenishment," is partially correct, but it lacks the specificity of timing and frequency emphasized in option C. Option D, "Hydration should be maintained throughout the exercise session," is too vague and does not provide clear guidance on the frequency of fluid intake necessary to prevent heat-related issues in children. Educationally, emphasizing the need for regular hydration breaks during exercise sessions helps reinforce the importance of proactive measures in preventing heat-related illnesses in pediatric patients. This knowledge equips pediatric nurses to educate parents and caregivers effectively on best practices to safeguard children's health during physical activity, promoting optimal well-being and safety in pediatric populations.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In hyperkalemia, cardiac arrhythmias are the most critical and life-threatening manifestation that requires immediate intervention. Hyperkalemia can lead to dangerous heart rhythm disturbances, potentially resulting in cardiac arrest. Prompt treatment is essential to stabilize the heart rhythm and prevent life-threatening complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) 440. The healthcare professional should document the client's total intake by adding up all the fluids consumed by the child. The child consumed 4 oz of Pedialyte (approximately 120 mL), half of an 8 oz cup of Jell-O (approximately 120 mL), two graham crackers (minimal fluid intake), and 200 mL of D5 1/2 sodium chloride IV, totaling 440 mL. Option B) 400 is incorrect because it does not include the correct calculation for the intake of fluids. Option C) 410 is also incorrect as it does not account for the full intake. Option D) 450 is incorrect as it overestimates the total intake by including unnecessary calculations. Understanding how to accurately document a child's intake and output is crucial in pediatric nursing to monitor fluid balance, detect dehydration or overhydration, and assess the effectiveness of treatment. It is important for healthcare professionals to be meticulous in their documentation to ensure optimal care for pediatric patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Because ACE inhibitors promote venous dilation, they provide the therapeutic effect of reducing pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema. Absence of previously heard crackles would be an indicator of effectiveness. Edema and jugular vein distention are manifestations of heart failure. A potassium level of 3.5 is a normal value.