ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which pairing is incorrect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chordae tendineae are fibrous cords that anchor the atrioventricular (AV) valves (tricuspid and mitral), not the semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary). The other pairings are correct: papillary muscles are in ventricles, trabeculae carneae are in ventricles, and the coronary sinus drains into the right atrium.
Question 2 of 5
If hydrostatic pressure in the arteriole end of a capillary is 36.6 mmHg and if osmotic pressure of the blood is 28 mmHg, then the net movement of water and dissolved substances is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Net filtration pressure = hydrostatic pressure (36.6 mmHg) - osmotic pressure (28 mmHg) = 8.6 mmHg outward. At the arteriolar end, this positive pressure pushes fluid out into the interstitial space.
Question 3 of 5
The client has a diagnosis of pericarditis. The nurse knows that the client's infection is located in the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium, the membrane surrounding the heart. The myocardium is the muscle layer, the endocardium is the inner lining, and the mediastinum is the thoracic region, not a heart layer. (Source: Document, p. 62, Pericardial membrane)
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following would most likely confirm a diagnosis of appendicitis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Appendicitis, an acute bacterial infection, typically causes neutrophilia (increased neutrophils, >70%), reflecting the body’s response to inflammation. Monocytes rise in chronic conditions, erythrocytes are unrelated, and leukopenia (low WBCs) contradicts infection.
Question 5 of 5
The percent volume of whole blood occupied by packed red cells is referred to as the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hematocrit is the percentage of blood volume occupied by packed RBCs (normal: 38-50%). Formed elements include all cells, and sedimentation index relates to ESR, not volume.