Which organ is responsible for the extensive metabolism of acetaminophen?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Liver. The liver is responsible for the extensive metabolism of acetaminophen through various pathways, including glucuronidation, sulfation, and oxidation. It converts acetaminophen into less toxic metabolites for elimination. The kidneys (B) primarily filter blood and regulate fluid balance; the lungs (C) are involved in gas exchange; and the pancreas (D) produces digestive enzymes and insulin, not involved in acetaminophen metabolism. Therefore, the liver is the correct choice for this question.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer antibiotics. Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum typically caused by infection. Administering antibiotics is crucial to treat the underlying infection. IV fluids (B) may be necessary to maintain hydration, but antibiotics address the root cause. Placing the client in a supine position (C) is not a specific intervention for peritonitis. Administering epinephrine (D) is not indicated for peritonitis as it is not a treatment for infection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it helps differentiate between orthopnea (difficulty breathing when lying down) and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (sudden awakening due to difficulty breathing). By asking about worsening symptoms when lying down, the nurse can assess if the patient has orthopnea, a classic symptom of heart failure. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not specifically target the nighttime breathing difficulty associated with heart failure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because completing the grieving process before birth is not appropriate when planning care for a client undergoing genetic counseling. This is because genetic counseling aims to provide information and support to help clients make informed decisions about their pregnancy or future child's health. Grieving before birth implies assuming a negative outcome before all information is gathered, which can be premature and may not align with the purpose of genetic counseling. Choices A, B, and C are allowed as they involve valid actions such as decision-making, preparation, and accessing support services, all of which are important aspects of genetic counseling.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient demonstrates orientation to person (knows their name), place (knows they are at the hospital in Victoria), and time (knows it is February of a new year – 2009). This indicates intact orientation across all three domains. Choice A is incorrect as the patient is unsure of their location and the year. Choice B is incorrect as the patient is confused about the date. Choice C is incorrect as the patient is uncertain about the date and only guesses their location.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer antibiotics. Antibiotics are crucial in treating pneumonia caused by bacteria. They help to kill the bacteria causing the infection and prevent its spread. Administering fluids (B) is important for hydration but not the most crucial intervention. Monitoring temperature (C) is important but does not treat the root cause. Administering vaccines (D) may prevent certain types of pneumonia but is not the immediate intervention for an existing infection. Administering antibiotics promptly is vital to effectively treat pneumonia and prevent complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoiding environmental allergens and smoking. Environmental allergens and smoking are common triggers for asthma attacks. Avoiding these triggers can significantly reduce the risk of exacerbations. Over-the-counter medications may provide symptomatic relief but do not address the underlying triggers. Increasing physical activity can be beneficial but may also trigger asthma attacks in some individuals. Limiting fluid intake to reduce mucus production is not a recommended strategy for managing asthma triggers.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer antiepileptics. This is the most appropriate intervention for a client with a history of seizures as antiepileptic medications help prevent or reduce the frequency of seizures. Monitoring vital signs (B) is important but does not directly address the underlying issue of seizures. Oxygen therapy (C) may be needed during a seizure but does not prevent future episodes. Monitoring ECG (D) may provide information on cardiac function but is not the primary intervention for seizures. Administering antiepileptics is essential for seizure management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because asking the patient to rate pain intensity using a scale (like 0-10) provides a standardized measure of pain perception. This quantitative data helps healthcare providers assess pain severity accurately and track changes over time. Asking about allergies (B) is important but not directly related to pain assessment. Asking the patient to describe the pain (C) provides qualitative information but may not be as reliable or consistent as a numerical rating. Measuring pain intensity using a scale (D) is similar to the correct answer but does not involve the patient's subjective input, which is crucial in pain assessment.