Which order should the nurse question for a child just admitted with the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: IV fluids at 1½ timmaintenance should be questioned, per meningitis care texts. Excess fluid risks ICP increase in bacterial meningitis. Isolation , neuro checks , and acetaminophen are standard. Bs risk makes itthe correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The impulse will pass through the ventral root of a spinal nerve . In the fight or flight response, the sympathetic nervous system, activated by the hypothalamus, causpupil dilation via the dilator pupillae muscle. The pathway involvpreganglionic neurons from the thoracic spinal cord (T1-T2) exiting through the ventral root, synapsing in the superior cervical ganglion, and then postganglionic fibers traveling via the oculomotor nerve (III) pathway. Choice A is incorrect because this is an autonomic response, not involving somatic upper and lower motor neurons. Choice B is wrong as ganglia (superior cervical) are involved. Choice C is incorrect because the synapse occurs in the spinal cord or ganglion, not brainstem autonomic nuclei. Thus, D correctly identifithe ventral root as part of the sympathetic outflow, making it the right answer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The arachnoid mater ends at S2 . The arachnoid mater, along with the dura mater, forms the dural sac, which ends at the S2 level, containing the subarachnoid space with CSF. Choice B is true but not the only correct option, as the spinal cord dohave cervical and lumbosacral enlargements. Choice C is incorrect because CSF is in the subarachnoid space (between arachnoid and pia), not between dura and arachnoid (the subdural space is potential). Choice D is wrong as the bundle of nerve roots below the conus medullaris is the cauda equina, not the conus itself. Since the question asks for a true statement and A is accurate and specific, it is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A delta fibers . Fast pain, which is sharp and well-localized, is transmitted by A delta fibers, which are small, myelinated axons with rapid conduction (5-30 m/s). They respond to mechanical and thermal stimuli, quickly signaling acute pain. Choice A, A alpha fibers, is incorrect as these large, myelinated fibers transmit proprioception and motor signals, not pain. Choice B, A beta fibers, is wrong because they carry touch and pressure sensations, not pain. Choice D, C fibers, transmits slow, dull, poorly localized pain, not fast pain. Thus, A delta fibers are specifically responsible for fast pain sensation, making C the correct answer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: If the disc between L4 / L5 is herniated sensory changwill likely occur at the medial border of leg , which is false. An L4-L5 disc herniation typically affects the L5 nerve root, causing sensory changin the anterolateral leg and dorsum of the foot, not the medial leg (L4 dermatome). Choice B is true (S1 tests tiptoe standing via gastrocnemius). Choice C is correct (L4 compression affects knee jerk). Choice D is accurate (S1 compression weakens gastrocnemius). Thus, A misattributsensory changes, making it the exception and the correct answer.